中国东部平原湖区现代沉积植物DNA的保存及其与土地利用的关系  

Preservation of lake sedimentary plant DNA in the Eastern China and its relationship to modern land use types

作　　者：吴铠 李凯 林琪 贾伟瀚 葛亚汶 Kathleen R.Stoof-Leichsenring Ulrike Herzschuh 倪健 WU Kai;LI Kai;LIN Qi;JIA Weihan;GE Yawen;Kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING;Ulrike HERZSCHUH;NI Jian(College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group,Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research,Potsdam 14473,Germany;Institute of Environmental Science and Geography,University of Potsdam,Potsdam 14476,Germany;School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Institute of Biochemistry and Biology,University of Potsdam,Potsdam 14476,Germany)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院,金华321004 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [3]Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group,Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research,Potsdam 14473,Germany [4]Institute of Environmental Science and Geography,University of Potsdam,Potsdam 14476,Germany [5]河北师范大学资源与环境科学学院,石家庄050024 [6]Institute of Biochemistry and Biology,University of Potsdam,Potsdam 14476,Germany

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2025年第1期213-226,共14页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:42177433);浙江省自然科学基金项目(批准号:LY20D010002)共同资助。

摘　　要：东部平原湖区湖泊众多,但普遍面临富营养化和流域植被破坏问题,使其成为现代生态保护和探究人类活动对湖泊生态系统干扰研究的热点地区。湖泊沉积DNA技术近年来开始被用于湖泊水生植物调查以及流域植被重建等工作,但是该技术在我国东部平原湖区的适用性以及植物DNA信号与湖周及流域植被的关系,有待于进一步评估。本研究选择东部平原湖区的22个湖泊为研究对象,利用植物DNA宏条形码技术使用通用植物引物trnL g-h对湖泊表层沉积物中的植物DNA进行扩增并进行高通量测序,结合湖泊形态特征、水体及沉积物理化参数以及湖泊周边土地利用类型等,揭示不同湖泊沉积物中植物DNA保存丰富度的差异及其影响因素,探讨了陆生植物DNA对植被的代表性。结果表明,植物DNA宏条形码共记录230个类群,其中28%的序列可以鉴定至种水平,在分类学分辨率以及鉴定效率上沉积植物DNA相较于花粉分析具有一定优势。与花粉检测的区域性植被信号不同,湖泊沉积植物DNA反映的是局地或者湖泊周边植被组成,可对湖周森林、农田以及建筑用地中的优势植物信号进行区分,凸显了沉积植物DNA在东部平原湖区进行局地植被重建中的适用性。此外,年均降水量以及流域下垫面性质对陆生沉积植物DNA丰度具有重要影响,同时年均温也是影响沉积植物DNA保存的重要因素。综上,在东部平原湖区,湖泊沉积植物DNA技术可为揭示长期人类活动影响下的局地植被组成变化提供支持,但这同样依赖于对湖泊沉积植物DNA现代过程的进一步研究和理解。The Eastern China(approximately 32°N to 37°N,114°E to 121°E),characterized by numerous lakes generally underwent eutrophication and watershed vegetation destruction,is a key region for modern ecological protection and research on the interference of human activities on lake ecosystem.In recent years,lake sedimentary DNA technology has begun to be used in lake aquatic plant surveys and terrestrial vegetation reconstruction,but its applicability in Eastern China and the relationship between plant DNA signals and lake circumference and vegetation need to be further evaluated.In this study,we used the trnL g-h universal primers to amplify plant DNA in surface sediments from 22 lakes from the Eastern China.The applicability and limitations of using plant DNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by combining with the lake morphological characteristics,physicochemical parameters of water and sediments,and surrounding land-use types.The results showed that sedimentary plant DNA has certain advantages over pollen analysis in terms of taxonomic resolution and identification efficiency.Unlike the regional vegetation signals detected by pollen,sedimentary plant DNA reflects the local or peri-lake vegetation composition,and can differentiate the dominant plant signals in forests,farmlands and construction sites around the lake.In addition,the mean annual precipitation and the land-use types affected the abundance of terrestrial sedimentary plant DNA,and the mean annual temperature is also an important factor impacting the preservation of sedimentary plant DNA.This study highlights the applicability of sedimentary plant DNA in local vegetation reconstruction under the influence of long-term human activities in Eastern China.But the above conclusion also relies on further research and understanding on the modern processes of sedimentary plant DNA.

关 键 词：沉积物DNA 植物DNA 宏条形码 土地利用类型 东部平原湖区 

分 类 号：P941.78[天文地球—自然地理学] Q946.2[生物学—植物学]