超声波在高铁轨道板层间脱空检测中的应用  

Application of ultrasonic wave in the detection of interlayer void detection of high-speed railway track slab

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作  者:欧阳德威 龙士国[1] 彭克军 彭强[1] 李心怡 刘昳嵘 OUYANG Dewei;LONG Shiguo;PENG Kejun;PENG Qiang;LI Xinyi;LIU Yirong(School of Civil Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China)

机构地区:[1]湘潭大学土木工程学院,湖南湘潭411105

出  处:《声学技术》2025年第1期48-55,共8页Technical Acoustics

基  金:国家自然科学基金(51908481)。

摘  要:针对高铁无砟轨道板由于常年反复使用造成板下脱空的现象,建立板式无砟轨道的有限元模型,模拟超声波在轨道多层介质中的传播规律,对比分析了不同脱空程度下接收到的超声波模拟信号的特点,构建了轨道板层间脱空的识别参数,并用物理试验对数值模拟结果进行验证。结果表明:轨道板脱空会使超声波的反射回波加强,表现为信号的波动性增大、衰减速度减缓;信号频谱在低频和高频处都出现新的峰值,0~15 kHz范围内的低频幅度与脱空处的局部振动有关,30~45 kHz范围内的高频幅度与结构的整体振动有关,通过计算频域能量比δ可以有效评价轨道板内部的脱空状态,随着脱空程度的增加,频域能量比逐渐增大。In view of the void phenomenon under the slab caused by the repeated use of high-speed railway ballastless track slab all the year round,through establishing the finite element model of slab ballastless track and simulating the propagation law of ultrasonic wave in the multi-layer medium of the track,the characteristics of ultrasonic simulation signals received under different void levels are analyzed,the identification parameters of interlayer void between track slabs are constructed,and the numerical simulation results are verified by physical tests.The results show that the interlayer void of the track slab strengthens the reflected echoes of the ultrasonic wave,the signal volatility increases and its decay speed slows down.The signal spectrum shows new peaks at low frequencies and high frequencies.The low-frequency amplitude in the range of 0-15 kHz is related to the local vibration at the void,while the high-frequency amplitude in the range of 30-45 kHz is related to the overall vibration of the structure.By calculating the energy ratioδin the frequency domain,the void state inside the track slab can be effectively evaluated.With the increase of void degree,δgradually increases.

关 键 词:无砟轨道 脱空 超声波 信号峰值 频域积分 

分 类 号:U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]

 

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