木材生物彩绘研究与展望  

Research and Prospect of Wood Bio-painting

作　　者：何海珊 邱坚[2] 黄荣文 陈伟红 HE Haishan;QIU Jian;HUANG Rongwen;CHEN Weihong(Department of Industrial Engineering,Yunnan Forestry Technology College,Kunming 650224,China;College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南林业职业技术学院工业工程学院,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《森林工程》2025年第2期217-224,共8页Forest Engineering

基　　金：云南林业职业技术学院博士基金项目(KYBS202002)。

摘　　要：木材生物彩绘指利用真菌、细菌使木材变色,也称为花斑木。回顾花斑木历史、研究现状与难题并提出展望。花斑木的应用可追溯到500多年前的意大利,当时被广泛应用于镶嵌装饰工艺中。当前,花斑木的研究主要集中在菌纹木和软腐菌色素的研究与利用,由于微生物色素具有可再生、耐久等优点,为提高人工林木材的综合利用率和附加值提供新的途径,也有助于减少合成染料的使用。而心材型(细菌型)花斑木的研究难度较大,需要更多的科学探索和技术突破。目前利用真菌培育花斑木存在菌种保存与衰退、过程污染控制和培育条件控制等难题,而色素提取及媒染则需关注溶剂毒性、色牢度等问题。Wood bio-painting refers to using fungi and bacteria to change the color of wood,also called spalted wood.This article reviews its history,current status and challenges,and proposes prospects.The application of spalted wood can be traced back to Italy over 500 years ago,when it was widely used in inlay decoration techinques.Currently,research on spalted wood focuses on the study and utilization of zone line wood and pigments produced by soft rot fungi.The renewable and durable nature of microbial pigments offers a new approach to enhancing the comprehensive utilization rate and added value of plantation timber,and may help reduce the use of synthetic dyes.However,research of heartwood type(bacterial type)spalted wood poses greater challenges,requiring more scientific exploration and technological breakthroughs.When cultivating spalted wood through fungal inoculation,there are difficulties such as fungal strains preservation and decline,process pollution control,and cultivation condition.Additionally,pigment extraction and mordanting require attention to issues such as solvent toxicity and color fastness.

关 键 词：木材生物彩绘 花斑木 菌纹木 蓝变菌 软腐菌 真菌色素 

分 类 号：TS611[轻工技术与工程]