碳中和背景下生物质能利用途径与产业现状  

Utilization ways and industrial status of biomass energy in context of carbon neutrality

作　　者：李紫龙 闫洪远 杨俊 刘志华 罗丹 Li Zilong;Yan Hongyuan;Yang Jun;Liu Zhihua;Luo Dan(Science&Technology Branch of Chongqing Yuanda Smoke Control Franchise Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401122,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆远达烟气治理特许经营有限公司科技分公司,重庆401122

出　　处：《能源与环保》2025年第1期142-147,共6页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：国家电投集团有限公司科技项目(KY-C-2022-YDHB-007)。

摘　　要：碳中和背景下,化石燃料的替代技术是目前研究的重要领域,作为近零碳排放的清洁能源载体,生物质可以发挥重要的碳减排作用。生物质具有来源广泛、可再生、储量丰富的特点。综述了生物质的物理法、热化学法和生物法利用途径,总结了通过成型工艺制备固体燃料、生物质直接燃烧发电以及生物质发酵工艺制备液体燃料的技术情况,介绍了国内外生物质利用技术在供暖、发电、气化和发酵制乙醇等方面的产业现状,分析了国内已建成项目在生物质收储及利用过程中存在的一系列问题,提出了生物质收集、运输、储存等环节采用分散预加工和集中收集储存、运输的加工和收储模式,并依托碳减排收益的政策支持,从而实现生物质利用项目的长期稳定运行。In the context of carbon neutrality,the alternative technology of fossil fuels is an important field of current research.As a clean energy carrier with close to zero carbon emissions,biomass can play an important role in carbon emission reduction.Biomass has the characteristics of wide source,renewable and abundant reserves.The physical,thermal-chemical and biological utilization methods of biomass were reviewed.The technical situation of solid fuel preparation by molding process,direct combustion of biomass for power generation and liquid fuel preparation by biomass fermentation process was summarized.The industrial status of biomass utilization technology in heating,power generation,gasification and fermentation for ethanol production at home and abroad was introduced.a series of problems existing in the process of biomass collection,storage and utilization of domestic completed projects were analyzed,and the processing and storage modes of decentralized preprocessing and centralized collection,storage and transportation of biomass collection,transportation and other aspects were put forward,and the policy support of carbon emission reduction income was relied on to realize the long-term stable operation of biomass utilization projects.

关 键 词：生物质能 清洁能源 气化 发酵 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]