精神分裂症住院患者吞咽障碍影响因素及发病机制研究  

Study on the influencing factors and pathogenesis of dysphagia in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia

作　　者：戴新国 戴维乐 唐小伟 肖文焕 DAI Xinguo;DAI Weile;TANG Xiaowei;XIAO Wenhuan(Affiliated WuTaiShan Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225003;Yangzhou University Medical College,Yangzhou 225003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省扬州五台山医院,江苏扬州225003 [2]扬州大学医学院,江苏扬州225003

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2025年第6期13-16,共4页Clinical Research and Practice

基　　金：江苏省老年健康科研项目(No.LKM2022080);江苏省卫生健康委科研项目(No.M2020031)。

摘　　要：目的 分析精神分裂症住院患者吞咽障碍影响因素及发病机制,为临床防治吞咽障碍提供参考。方法选取2023年1月至2024年10月江苏省扬州五台山医院120例精神分裂症住院患者为研究对象,采用标准吞咽功能评定量表(SSA)进行吞咽功能评估后将患者分为吞咽障碍组和非吞咽障碍组。比较两组的一般资料;采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨影响患者吞咽功能的相关因素。结果 120例精神分裂症住院患者中,发生吞咽障碍45例,发生率为37.50%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、合并症、用药种类、缺齿、营养风险评分、睡眠质量评分、行为障碍、药物不良反应、异常进食行为、焦虑情绪评分、抑郁情绪评分是影响患者吞咽功能的危险因素,日常生活活动能力评分、认知功能评分、口腔健康情况是影响患者吞咽功能的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 精神分裂症住院患者的吞咽障碍发生率较高,影响因素较多,应引起高度重视,积极采取相应的干预措施以消除影响因素,降低吞咽障碍发生率。Objective To analyze the influencing factors and pathogenesis of dysphagia in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia,and to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of dysphagia.Methods A total of 120 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in Jiangsu Yangzhou Wutaishan Hospital from January 2023 to October 2024 were selected as the research objects.After swallowing function was evaluated by Standardized Swallowing Assessment(SSA),the patients were divided into dysphagia group and non-dysphagia group.The general datas of the two groups were compared;multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related factors affecting the swallowing function of patients.Results Among the 120 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia,45 cases had dysphagia,with an incidence of 37.50%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that age,comorbidities,types of medication,tooth loss,nutritional risk score,sleep quality score,behavioral disorders,adverse drug reactions,abnormal eating behavior,anxiety score and depression score were risk factors affecting patients'swallowing function,activities of daily living score,cognitive function score,and oral health status were protective factors affecting patients'swallowing function(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of dysphagia in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia is relatively high,and there are many influencing factors.It should be highly valued,and corresponding intervention measures should be actively taken to eliminate the influencing factors and reduce the incidence of dysphagia.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 住院患者 吞咽障碍 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]