2022年美国预防临床服务指南工作组《儿童和青少年抑郁症和自杀风险筛查推荐声明》解读  

Interpretation of Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents:US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement 2022

作　　者：章琪 和申 李华[1,2] ZHANG Qi;HE Shen;LI Hua(Division of Mood Disorders,Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Nursing,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心心境障碍科,上海市200030 [2]上海交通大学护理学院,上海市200025

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2025年第15期1823-1830,共8页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：上海市精神卫生中心院级重点课题(2022ZD02)。

摘　　要：美国预防临床服务指南工作组(USPSTF)于2022年在JAMA发布了《儿童和青少年抑郁症和自杀风险筛查推荐声明》(以下简称USPSTF声明),并发布了最新证据报告和系统评价结果,建议对12~18岁的青少年进行抑郁症筛查。但由于缺乏足够的证据,USPSTF声明目前无法确定儿童和青少年自杀风险筛查的利弊。本文结合国内外文献对USPSTF声明的内容进行解读,从抑郁症和自杀行为的概念、危险因素、筛查工具、早期筛查的利弊、治疗和干预及USPSTF声明对初级保健医护人员的指导价值等方面进行概述,旨在为医护人员对儿童和青少年抑郁症和自杀风险筛查的临床实践提供参考。In 2022,the United States Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF)published a recommendation statement on Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents:US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement in JAMA with an updated evidence report and results of a systematic evaluation(USPSTF statement).The statement suggested screening for major depressive disorder in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years.However,the evidence regarding the risks and benefits of suicide screening for children and adolescents is insufficient,making it challenging to determine its overall impact.This article interprets the content of the USPSTF statement in the context of the national and international literature,including the concepts of major depressive disorder and suicidal behaviours,risk factors,early screening tools,pros and cons of early screening,treatment and interventions,and the value of the USPSTF statement in guiding primary care providers.Intending to serve as a reference for clinical healthcare professionals involved in the screening of children and adolescents for depression and suicide risk.

关 键 词：抑郁症 自杀 儿童和青少年 筛查 美国预防临床服务指南工作组 声明 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]