城市轨道交通车站设施客流集散分析  

Gather-distributing Characteristics of Passengers between Facilities in Subway Station

作　　者：袁博晖 YUAN Bohui(China Railway Liuyuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300308)

机构地区：[1]中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司,天津300308

出　　处：《都市快轨交通》2025年第1期90-98,共9页Urban Rapid Rail Transit

基　　金：天津市科技重大专项与工程项目(17ZXGDGX00110);中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司科研项目(YW-2023-06)。

摘　　要：针对城市轨道交通站内设施客流分布受限于设施能力和设施拓扑结构,难以量化的问题,总结站内设施客流走行研究现状,进行站内设施客流状态及其转化分析;基于设施容纳和通行能力,借鉴排队论的思想,构建客流状态转移模型,描述客流在设施前堵塞和消解的概率表达。以某城市轨道交通换乘车站为例,进行走行设施拓扑网络客流集散特征分析,结果表明:客流密度超过自由流的密度时,由于实际客流超过一定阈值,在能力较小的设施前必然会发生客流拥堵的情况,实际客流分布特征不仅与单个走行设施的能力有关,同时也受设施网络瓶颈的影响。研究结果以期为车站管理人员制定和实施限流方案提供数据和技术支撑。Given that passenger flow distribution in urban rail transit station facilities is limited by the capacity and topology of these facilities,making quantification difficult,this study addresses this issue by analyzing the current state of research on passenger flow in station facilities.First,an analysis of the passenger flow state and its transformation within station facilities is conducted.Based on the capacity and transit capacity of the facilities,a passenger flow state transition model is constructed using queuing theory to describe the probability of congestion and dissipation at facility junctions.Taking an urban rail transit interchange station as an example,an analysis of the passenger flow distribution characteristics on the walking facility topology network is performed.The results show that when passenger flow density exceeds the density of free flow,congestion inevitably occurs in facilities with smaller capacities due to the actual passenger flow surpassing a certain threshold.The actual passenger flow distribution characteristics are influenced not only by the capacity of individual walking facilities but also by bottlenecks within the facility network.The research results provide data and technical support for station managers in developing and implementing flow restriction schemes.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 客流集散模型 转移概率模型 车站设施 稳态概率 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]