国有企业推进原始创新:现实价值、制约因素与突破路径  

Promoting Original Innovation in State-owned Enterprises:Practical Value,Constraining Factors and Breakthrough Paths

作　　者：刘现伟[1] 马聪卉 LIU Xian-wei;MA Cong-hui

机构地区：[1]中国宏观经济研究院经济体制与管理研究所

出　　处：《改革》2025年第2期36-48,共13页Reform

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重点项目“国有企业在中国式现代化建设中的新使命新任务研究——基于九大本质要求和五大特征视角的分析”(23AZD022);中国宏观经济研究院研究阐释党的二十届三中全会精神重大项目“健全国有企业推进原始创新制度安排研究”。

摘　　要：原始创新是所有科技创新的源头活水,是自主创新和科技自立自强的根基,原始创新能力在很大程度上决定着一个国家和民族的核心竞争力。国有企业推进原始创新对于把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革机遇、实现高水平科技自立自强和建设科技强国、发展新质生产力推动高质量发展、增强核心功能和提升核心竞争力具有重要现实价值。尽管国有企业在科技创新和关键核心技术攻关方面取得一系列高质量成果,但基础研究投入少、原始创新能力不强、创新人才不足等问题依然突出,且推进原始创新仍面临监督考核机制不健全、高端创新人才激励机制不合理、支持引导政策不完善等多种制约因素。要从顶层制度设计入手,加快健全国有企业推进原始创新投入保障制度、支持开展原始创新的监督管理制度和创新人才激励政策制度体系,充分激发企业内生创新动力和活力,大幅提高国有企业原始创新策源能力。Original innovation is the source of all technological innovation and the foundation of independent innovation and technological self-reliance.The ability of original innovation largely determines the core competitiveness of a country and a nation.The promotion of original innovation by state-owned enterprises is of important practical value for seizing the opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,achieving high-level technological self-reliance and building a strong country in science and technology,developing new quality productive forces to promote high-quality development,enhancing core functions and improving core competitiveness of enterprises.Although state-owned enterprises have achieved a series of high-quality results in scientific and technological innovation and core technology research,problems such as low investment in basic research,weak original innovation capabilities,and insufficient innovative talents are still prominent.Moreover,promoting original innovation still faces various constraints such as incomplete supervision and assessment mechanisms,unreasonable incentive mechanisms for high-level innovative talents,and incomplete support and guidance policies.Starting from the top-level institutional design,we need to accelerate the improvement of the guarantee system for promoting original innovation investment in state-owned enterprises,the supervision and management system for supporting the development of original innovation,and the policy system for motivating innovative talents,and so as to fully stimulate the endogenous innovation power and vitality of enterprises,and significantly enhance the original innovation source capability of state-owned enterprises.

关 键 词：国有企业 原始创新 科技创新 制度创新 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]