“审美逗留让某物完满存在”——兼论马丁·泽尔对海德格尔和波默美学理论的拓展  

Aesthetic Lingering Allows Something to Exist Perfectly——Discussion on Martin Zell's Expansion to Heidegger and Böhme's Aesthetic Theory

作　　者：余群[1] Yu Qun(School of Chinese Studies,Zhejiang Yuexiu University,Shaoxing)

机构地区：[1]浙江越秀外国语学院中国语言文化学院

出　　处：《美学与艺术评论》2024年第2期16-33,250,共19页Journal of Aesthetics and Art Review

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目《牟宗三儒学美学思想研究》(项目编号:23FZWB063);国家社科基金项目《王阳明心学美学思想研究》(19BZW032);浙江省社会科学重点研究基地课题《刘宗周理学美学思想研究》(课题号:16JDGH053)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：马丁·泽尔所说“审美逗留让某物完满存在”,把鲍姆嘉通、海德格尔等人的理论熔为一炉,实现了新的超越。鲍姆嘉通主张美是感性认识的完善,而泽尔的理论是,美不仅是感性认识的完善,更是感性认识的完满,这种完满也使某物获得了完满存在。由于“完满”不是表象性的,而是海德格尔式的存在性的,所以称为物我合一的“完满存在”。当然,它是以审美主体对于审美显现的“审美逗留”为基础的。在审美逗留中,我们感性的完满让审美对象的诸显象,即通过概念所把握的感性特征,处于游戏的状态,从而共同实现了自身存在的完满性,这就唤醒了一种当下情境性的“生活感”。事实上,显现美学由于凸现了审美逗留与审美显现的辩证关系,从而为现象学美学增添了活力,拓展了海德格尔存在主义美学,以及波默气氛美学的理论内涵。Martin Zell's statement that“aesthetic lingering allows something to exist perfectly”has melted down the theories of Baumgarten,Heidegger,and others,achieving a new transcendence.Baumgarten advocates that the purpose of aesthetics is the perfection of sensory knowledge,while Zell's theory is that aesthetics is not only for the perfection of sensory knowledge,but also for the perfection of the existence of something.Due to the fact that‘perfection’is not representational,but rather Heidegger's existential,it is called the‘perfect existence’of the unity of the object and the self.Of course,it is based on the aesthetic subject's aesthetic lingering in the manifestation of aesthetics.In aesthetic lingering,our sensory perfection allows the various visualization of the aesthetic object,that is,the sensory characteristics grasped through concepts,to be in a game state,thus jointly realizing the completeness of our own existence,which awakens a sense of situational“life”.In fact,the manifestation aesthetics highlights the dialectical relationship between aesthetic lingering and aesthetic manifestation,thereby adding vitality to phenomenological aesthetics and expanding the theoretical connotations of Heidegger's existentialist aesthetics and Böhme's atmosphere aesthetics.

关 键 词：审美逗留 显象 显现 完满 存在 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]