甲烷/甲醇固体氧化物燃料电池输出电特性与内部多物理场分布模拟研究  

Study on the Output Electrical Characteristics and Internal Multi-Physics Field Distribution Simulation of Methane/Methanol Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

作　　者：李博涵 刘畅 王朝阳[1] 刘明[1] 严俊杰[1] LI Bohan;LIU Chang;WANG Chaoyang;LIU Ming;YAN Junjie(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第3期9-20,共12页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52106026)。

摘　　要：为揭示固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)在不同种类燃料供应时电池内部多物理场之间的相互作用规律,建立并验证了多场耦合的三维平板式SOFC单电池模型,对比研究了以氢气、甲烷、甲醇为燃料的SOFC稳态性能差异,获得了电池内部温度场、浓度场分布特性和碳氢燃料在电池中的积碳特性。研究结果表明:甲烷燃料的预重整能够有效提高电池放电能力,预重整度提高20%,电池最大输出功率提高8%。与甲烷相比,甲醇燃料的预重整对电池输出功率影响较小。采用甲烷燃料能够降低电池因温度梯度过大而损坏的风险,电池阳极-气体流道交界面的最大温度梯度为10 K/cm,相比于以氢气作为燃料时的22 K/cm有明显的下降。研究获得了不同电压下电池内部的积碳速率分布特性,运行电压U降低会增大电池内部的积碳速率,U=0.5 V时甲烷燃料的积碳速率约为U=0.9 V时积碳速率的2倍以上。相比于甲烷作为燃料,选取甲醇作为SOFC电池的燃料时,电池内部具有更低的积碳风险。To reveal the interplay of various internal multi-physics fields within solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)fueled by different types of fuels,a multi-field coupled three-dimensional planar SOFC single-cell model is established and validated.A comparative analysis is conducted to explore the variations in steady-state performance of SOFCs fueled by hydrogen,methane,and methanol.The distribution characteristics of temperature fields,concentration fields inside the cell,and the carbon deposition characteristics of hydrocarbon fuels in the cell are obtained.The results show that the pre-reforming of methane fuel can effectively improve the cell’s discharge capacity,with a 20% increase in pre-reforming degree leading to an 8% increase in the cell’s maximum output power.In comparison to methane,the impact of pre-reforming methanol fuel on the cell’s output power is relatively small.The use of methane fuel can mitigate the risk of cell damage due to excessive temperature gradients,with the maximum temperature gradient at the anode-gas flow channel interface reduced to 10 K/cm,as opposed to 22 K/cm when using hydrogen as fuel.This paper also unveils the distribution characteristics of carbon deposition rates inside the cell at different voltages.Lowering the operating voltage increases the carbon deposition rate inside the cell,with the carbon deposition rate for methane fuel at U=0.5 V being more than double that at U=0.9 V.Selecting methanol as the fuel for SOFCs poses a lower risk of internal carbon deposition compared to methane as the fuel.

关 键 词：固体氧化物燃料电池 甲烷 甲醇 积碳 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]