蔗渣应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Application of Bagasse

作　　者：杨佳桦 王亮 郭灿 李祖仲[1] 温久然[1] 冯诗彤 徐晨峰 马晨杨 Yang Jiahua;Wang Liang;Guo Can;Li Zuzhong;Wen Jiuran;Feng Shitong;Xu Chenfeng;Ma Chenyang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710018;School of Economics and Management,Chang'an University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710064)

机构地区：[1]长安大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710018 [2]长安大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《中外能源》2025年第3期77-84,共8页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：2024年陕西省创新能力支撑计划“农业秸秆综合利用及乡村振兴创新团队”项目(编号:2024RS-CXTD-56);长安大学大学生创新创业训练项目“湿热因素交互作用下蔗渣纤维沥青混合料路用性能演变研究”(编号:S202410710362);“沥青与蔗渣纤维的界面黏附机理研究”(编号:202410710096)。

摘　　要：蔗渣是制糖工业的废弃物,其化学组成主要为纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、粗灰分、粗蛋白质等,具有很高的生物质资源价值,已在造纸、化工原料、农牧业、生态治理等诸多方面得到一定的应用。甘蔗渣纤维素含量高,且纤维长度中等,是优质的非木材造纸原料。在化工方面,可利用蔗渣制备生物乙醇、气凝胶等产品。在农牧业领域,经过处理的蔗渣可应用于反刍动物的粗饲料和发酵饲料。用于复合材料,蔗渣纤维既能起到隔热、降噪效果,又能增强复合材料的物理力学性能,已在水泥混凝土、道路沥青中得到应用。蔗渣用作吸附材料,可充分利用其多微孔结构和高比表面积特性,吸附污水中的重金属离子,且制备的蔗渣生物炭可用于吸附、回收贵金属。利用蔗渣生物炭制备电极材料具有显著的技术优势,可获取高功率密度、长循环寿命、快速充放电速率的电极材料。Bagasse is the waste from the sugar industry,and its chemical composition mainly includes cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin,crude ash and crude protein.It has a high value of biomass resources and has been used in many fields such as papermaking,chemical raw materials,agriculture and animal husbandry,and ecological management.Bagasse is a high quality non-wood papermaking material due to its high cellulose con-tent and medium fiber length.In the chemical industry,bagasse can be used to produce bioethanol,aerogel and other products.In the field of agriculture and animal husbandry,treated bagasse can be used as roughage and fermented feed for ruminants.Used in composite materials,bagasse fiber can not only play the effect of heat insulation and noise reduction,but also enhance the physical and mechanical properties of composite materials,so it has been applied in cement concrete and road asphalt.Used as adsorption material,bagasse makes full use of its microporous structure and high specific surface area to adsorb the heavy metal ions in sewage,and the bagasse biochar prepared can be used to adsorb and recover precious metals.Using bagasse biochar to prepare electrode materials has obvious technical advantages and can obtain electrode materials with high power density,long life cycle and fast charge and discharge rate.

关 键 词：蔗渣 蔗渣纤维 非木材原料 生物乙醇 复合材料 蔗渣生物炭 

分 类 号：TS249.2[轻工技术与工程—制糖工程]