汉语音译“兹莫格尼”流变及其文化解读  

The Transformation and Cultural Interpretation of Yi Language[nʣɿ^(33)mo^(33)gɯ^(33)ȵi^(33)]

作　　者：李绍华 LI Shao-hua(Academy for Guizhou Nationalities,Minzu University of Guizhou,Guiang,Guizhou550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学贵州民族科学研究院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州工程应用技术学院学报》2024年第6期36-43,共8页Journal of Guizhou University Of Engineering Science

基　　金：2022年度国家西部哲学社会科学项目“彝语成语词典编纂”,项目编号:22XMZ025。

摘　　要：汉语音译“兹莫格尼”因方言、土语和译者差异又被记为“孜莫格尼”“兹耄格尼”“兹摩格尼”等形式,现主要流传于彝语北部方言区,以此作为对照构拟其他方言区彝文和音读,比较分析其异同具有历史比较语言学价值。兹莫格尼直译为“君王家坐”,本义是“君王坐家、君王在家”,引申出“君王掌家”,在家国同构社会语境下即为“君王执政”“君王掌权”“君王掌国”,衍生出君王掌家、君王执政、君王掌权、君王掌国等诸多义项,在交际中演变为向君王请安的问候语“君王安好”,但最终都定格为交往的日常祝福语“吉祥如意”。这可以追溯到彝族君王产生的奴隶制乃至原始公社时代,由最初君王请安问候语定格为世俗祝福语,从原始义到引申义文化内涵不断扩展和延伸,经历原始公社、奴隶社会、封建领主制、封建社会和社会主义社会,并不断被赋予新的文化内涵,语境演变客观再现了彝族社会及其文化变迁。The Chinese transliteration"Zmogni"has been transliterated into different translations such as"Zmogni","Zmogni"and"Zmogni"due to differences in dialects,dialects and translators.Now it is mainly spread in the northern dialect area of Yi language.It is of historical comparative linguistic value to construct Yi language and pronunciation in other dialect areas as a control.Zmogni literally translates as"the king sits at home",which means"the king sits at home,and the king is at home",which means"the king is in charge","the king is in power"and"the king is in charge of the country"in the social context of isomorphism of home and country,and many meanings such as the king is in charge of the family,the king is in power and the king is in charge of the country are derived,which has evolved into a greeting to the king in communication.This can be traced back to the slavery of Yi kings and even to the primitive commune era.From the initial greetings of kings to secular greetings,the cultural connotation has been continuously expanded and extended from the original meaning to the extended meaning,and it has experienced primitive commune,slave society,feudal lords system,feudal society and socialist society,and has been constantly endowed with new cultural connotations.The evolution of context objectively reproduces Yi society and its cultural changes.

关 键 词：彝语文“兹莫格尼” 彝族文化 君王 土司 吉祥如意 

分 类 号：C951[社会学—民族学]