一种提升空间暗弱目标探测灵敏度的方法  

A method to improve sensor sensitivity in detecting dim targets in space

作　　者：张得阳 郑然[1] 程会艳[1] 孟小迪 齐静雅 李林 林大泳 ZHANG Deyang;ZHENG Ran;CHENG Huiyan;MENG Xiaodi;QI Jingya;LI Lin;LIN Dayong(Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《航空学报》2025年第3期73-83,共11页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52275083,51905034)。

摘　　要：针对航天任务中空间暗弱目标探测困难问题,提出一种基于陀螺仪角速度多帧叠加提升星敏感器探测灵敏度的方法。首先,在星图叠加前对星上陀螺仪的角速度测量值进行处理,并去除固定图像噪声;再以图中亮星为参考,获取角速度预测的各帧亮星移动矢量与实际测量矢量之差,即角速度常偏误差;然后,对角速度常偏误差进行补偿,计算星图中目标移动距离;最后,通过该距离对多帧星点进行叠加,达到积累星点能量、降低背景噪声的目的。仿真分析与实验验证结果表明可有效提升目标信噪比,增加可检测星点数量,实现探测灵敏度的提升。To overcome the difficulty of accurately detecting more spatial dim and weak targets,this paper proposes a method to improve the detection sensitivity of the star sensor based on multi-frame stick of gyroscope measurement data.Before star maps are overlaid,the angular velocity measured by the gyroscope is processed,and fixed pattern noise is removed.With the bright stars in the map as the reference,the difference,the angular velocity deviation,be⁃tween the moving vectors of the bright star calculated from angular velocity and that from the actual measurement are achieved.The accurate moving distance of the target in the map will be got based on the modified angular velocity.Then,the star points can be stuck precisely according to the accurate moving distance.The target energy is effec⁃tively accumulated and the background noise reduced by sticking.Simulation analysis and test verification show that the proposed method can effectively improve the target signal-to-noise ratio,improving the detection sensitivity.

关 键 词：空间暗弱目标 陀螺仪 角速度常偏误差 多帧叠加 信噪比 灵敏度 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]