基于扎根理论的基层疾控人员职业倦怠应对策略研究  

Study on coping strategies of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions based on grounded theory

作　　者：许平 方青 袁莎莎[2] 程久 张婧彬 鲜敏[1] CHEN Zhiyong;XU Ping;FANG Qing;YUAN Shasha;CHENG Jiu;ZHANG Jingbin;XIAN Min(Public Health Policy Research Office,Shenzhen Bao'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong 518101,China;Public Health Strategic Intelligence research Office,Peking Union Medical College/Institute of Medical Information,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生政策研究室,广东深圳518101 [2]北京协和医学院/中国医学科学院医学信息研究所公共卫生战略情报研究室,北京100020

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第24期3313-3317,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：深圳市卫生经济学会科研基金(202393);深圳市宝安区医疗卫生科研项目(2022JD119)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基层疾病预防控制(疾控)人员职业倦怠应对策略,为管理部门开展针对性干预提供依据。方法2023年7月17—20日,在深圳市宝安区区级-街道级-社区级3级疾控机构内选取疾控人员进行半结构化访谈,依据扎根理论研究方法,利用NVivo11质性分析工具对访谈内容进行开放式编码、主轴编码、选择性编码构建基层疾控人员职业倦怠应对策略理论框架。结果共对20名3级疾控机构人员开展半结构化访谈,访谈对象均为疾控机构人事分管领导或一线疾控人员,以公卫医师为主。经3级编码,梳理出初始概念25个、范畴15个、主范畴9个,构建出由政策、组织、家庭和个人4个层面核心类属构成的基层疾控人员职业倦怠应对策略模型。结论应从完善人事管理规划、夯实人文支撑、加强政府投入、创建和谐同事关系、获取家庭成员支持及全面提升疾控人员能力等方面,加强基层疾控人员职业倦怠的管理与调控。Objective To explore the coping strategies of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions,and to provide basis for management departments to carry out targeted intervention.Methods From July 17 to20,2023,semi-structured interviews were carried out with staff selected from three-tier disease control and prevention institutions at the district,sub-district,and community levels in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City.Based on grounded theory,NVivo11 qualitative analysis software was used to conduct opening coding,axial coding and selective coding of interview content,and a theoretical framework of coping strategies of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions was constructed.Results Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 20 staff from three-tier disease control and prevention institutions.The interviewees were either personnel leaders in charge of human resources at the disease control and prevention institutions or frontline staff,mainly public health physicians.Through the three-level coding of the interview content,25 initial concepts,15 categories and 9 main categories were identified.The coping strategy model of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions was constructed,consisting of four core categories:policy,organizational,family,and individual level.Conclusion We should strengthen the management and regulation of job burnout among staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions by improving the personnel management planning,consolidating humanistic support,strengthening government input,creating harmonious relationship with colleagues,obtaining support from family members,and comprehensively improving the ability of the staff.

关 键 词：扎根理论 基层疾控人员 职业倦怠 应对策略 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]