集体记忆视角下鄂伦春生计方式转型研究  

Research on the Oroqen Livelihood Transformation from the Perspective of Collective Memory

作　　者：马潇骁 张思琪 陈怀谛 MA Xiaoxiao;ZHANG Siqi;CHEN Huaidi(School of Economics,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《黑龙江民族丛刊》2024年第6期146-156,共11页Heilongjiang National Series

基　　金：国家民委项目“民族地区基本公共服务均等化政策研究”(2023-GM-153);中央民族大学自主科研项目“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”研究专项(2022MDZL12);国家社科基金重大研究专项项目“社会主义核心价值观融入脱贫攻坚长效机制研究”(20VHJ005)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：现代化与中国传统文化的关系一直是学界所关注的重要议题,从集体记忆的视角研究发现:在权力主体中,对于鄂伦春人来说政府、市场及文化学者的出现,一同建构了鄂伦春人的集体记忆,使鄂伦春人在延续狩猎生计记忆的同时又建构了关于农业生产、市场化的现代生计记忆,且集体记忆的建构过程展现了鄂伦春人生计方式转型的过程。在身体实践中,技艺、仪式等身体实践是其生计方式转型的途径,并在现代推动了鄂伦春人副业及旅游业的发展。在物化表现中,文字、地点和建筑等媒介是其生计方式转型的物质基础,在现代化中更加持久地保存与传承了传统文化。The relationship between modernization and traditional Chinese culture has always been an important topic of academic attention,and this paper analyzes the transformation of livelihood mode from the perspective of collective memory to answer the question of how to deal with traditional culture in modernization.Collective memory is the accumulation of a group or ethnic culture,and according to the chacteristics of the transformation of the Oroqen people's livelihood mode and cultural characteristics,this paper constructs a collective memory framework of"power subject—body practice—materialized expression"to analyze the transformation of their livelihood mode.The results show that among the power subjects,the emergence of government,market,and cultural scholars for the Oroqen people constructs the collective memory of the Oroqen people,so that the Oroqen people continue the memory of hunting livelihood while constructing the modern livelihood memory of agricultural production and marketization,and the construction process of collective memory shows the process of transformation of the Oroqen people's livelihood mode.In the practice of the body,body practices such as skills and rituals are the ways to transform their livelihood methods,and promote the development of the Oroqen people's side business and tourism in modern times.In the materialized expression,the media such as words,places,and architecture are the material basis for the transformation of their livelihood methods,and the traditional culture is preserved and inherited more permanently in the process of modernization.

关 键 词：集体记忆 传统文化 生计方式转型 鄂伦春族 狩猎采集民 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]