60Co-γ射线辐照处理对马铃薯淀粉膜性能的影响  

Effect of 60Co-γ-Ray Radiation on Potato Starch Films

作　　者：刘颖[1] 耿丹丹 刘柳 魏敏[1] 石治强 LIU Ying;GENG Dandan;LIU Liu;WEI Min;SHI Zhiqiang(Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所,成都610066

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第6期153-158,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：四川省农业科学优势学科专项项目“基于辐照技术的可生物降解型液态地膜的研发”(2021XKJS059)。

摘　　要：为了探究马铃薯淀粉经γ射线辐照处理后,对制备淀粉膜性能影响,采用60Co-γ射线对淀粉进行0~50 kGy辐照处理后制成薄膜,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法考察膜性能。结果表明:γ射线辐照引起糖苷键断裂,淀粉长链分子打断。随着吸收剂量的增加淀粉膜的断裂伸长率、拉伸强度呈先升高后降低的趋势,而膜的透光性先减弱后增强趋势,其中当吸收剂量为10 kGy时,膜的力学性能最好,断裂伸长率、拉伸强度分别为62.37%,3.73 Mpa,膜的透光性最差,不透明度值为1.29。水溶性随吸收剂量增大而不断提高,膜中的不溶淀粉颗粒变少,膜表面越光滑平整。对淀粉进行辐照处理可有效破坏淀粉分子结构,打断分子链,并明显改变淀粉膜的力学性能、透光性、水溶性与成膜性。The study aims to investigate the effect of potato starch that is irradiated byγ-ray radiation on the properties of starch film.Starch was irradiated by 60Co-γ-ray radiation with different absorbed doses(0-50 kGy)and the starch films were made.The prepared films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed thatγ-ray radiation caused the breakage of glucoside bond and the breakdown of starch long chain molecules.The tensile strength and elongation at break of starch film increased and then decreased with increasing absorbed doses,the light transparent of starch film decreased and then increased.When the absorbed dose was 10 kGy,the mechanical properties of the film was the best,the elongation at break and the tensile strength were 62.37%and 3.73 Mpa respectively,however,the light transmission of the film was the worst,with the opacity value of 1.29.The solubility of film increased with the increase of absorbed dose.Insoluble starch granules decreased and the surface of starch films became more and more smoothed with increasing absorbed does.γ-ray radiation could effectively destroy the molecular structure and break starch molecular chain.The mechanical properties,light transmittance,water solubility and film forming properties of starch film could be significantly changed by irradiation.

关 键 词：马铃薯淀粉 Γ射线 辐照 淀粉膜 力学性能 透光性 水溶性 成膜性 

分 类 号：S124.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]