基于GB 13057-2023的某轻型客车座椅及车辆固定件研究与开发  

Research and development of seats and vehicle fasteners for a certain light passenger vehicle based on GB 13057-2023

作　　者：袁刘凯[1] 陈桂均[1] 麻方玉 王陶[2] 戚海玲 张遵智[1] YUAN Liukai;CHEN Guijun;MA Fangyu;WANG Tao;QI Hailing;ZHANG Zunzhi(NAVECO,Nanjing 211806,Jiangsu,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京依维柯汽车有限公司,江苏南京211806 [2]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《农业装备与车辆工程》2025年第2期31-36,151,共7页Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering

摘　　要：为了满足GB 13057-2023《客车座椅及其车辆固定件的强度》的要求,建立了强度和乘员伤害的有限元模型,结合试验结果对座椅靠背的聚氨酯泡沫参数进行修正。通过优化布置方式、座椅安装孔距、导轨断面结构,确定了座椅总体固定结构方案。对假人头部伤害进行评估,通过不同方案的研究分析,获取了影响假人头部伤害的关键参数,其中头部撞击区域存在泡沫固定钢丝,头部损伤值增加64.6%,增加车身的刚度,刚性车身相比柔性车身假人头部损伤值增加14%。最后,研究了二阶段动态车辆固定件强度和静态试验强度的关系,椅腿和侧挂的变形角动态强度为静态强度的2.53~2.86倍,其放大倍数和车身和座椅的刚性存在关系。In order to meet the regulation GB 13057-2023“Strength of seats and their anchorages of passenger vehicles”,finite element model of strength and occupant injury was established and adjusted the parameters of seat back foaming according to the test.The overall structure of seats and their anchorages were confirmed by optimize the layout of structure,installation distance of seats,sectional structure of the guide rail.Evaluated the head injury of the dummy,the key factors of head injury were obtained through research the different schemes.It would increase the head injury value by 64.6%if foam-fixed steel wires in the head impact area.The stiffness of the vehicle body was also increased compared with the flexible vehicle body,the head injury of the dummy in the rigid vehicle body would increases by 14%.Finally,the second stage strength of seats and their anchorages was researched between dynamic test and stationary test.The deformation angle of the chair legs and side hangers in dynamic test was 2.53~2.86 times compare with the static strength test,and its amplification factor was mostly related to the stiffness of the vehicle body and the seat.

关 键 词：客车座椅 头部伤害 车辆固定件强度 

分 类 号：U463.822[机械工程—车辆工程] U463.836[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]