不同负载量对玫瑰香葡萄风味品质的影响  

The Effect of Different Load Levels on The Flavor of Muscat Hamburg Grape

作　　者：常嘉馨 陈嘉 张新宪 高振峰 焦旋 冯志宏[1,2] CHANG Jiaxin;CHEN Jia;ZHANG Xinxian;GAO Zhenfeng;JIAO Xuan;FENG Zhihong(College of Food Science and Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030031,China;Shanxi Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Fresh-keeping and Processing Technology Innovation Center,Jinzhong Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山西太原030031 [2]山西省果蔬贮藏保鲜与加工技术创新中心,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2025年第2期23-28,共6页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601017)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究葡萄果实风味品质与不同负载量的关系,为生产中负载量的调控提供理论参考,以提高葡萄的品质和产量。【方法】以10年生玫瑰香葡萄为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取结合气质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)比较研究低(T1:每667 m^(2)1000~1200 kg)、中(T2:每667 m^(2)1200~1400 kg)、高(T3:每667 m^(2):1400~1600 kg)3种不同负载量对玫瑰香果实主要香气成分的影响。【结果】在玫瑰香葡萄果实中共检测到32种香气成分,其中醇类12种、醛类3种、酮类2种、酸类1种、烯类9种、酯类1种和杂环类4种。3种负载量水平下,醇类的种类和相对含量均为最多,其中含量最多的醇类芳香物质为具有玫瑰花香味的里那醇。随着负载量的增加,玫瑰香葡萄的可溶性固形物质量分数和着色程度下降,玫瑰香味香气成分的相对含量逐渐下降,青草味香气成分的相对含量逐渐增加。【结论】综合考虑,玫瑰香葡萄适宜的负载量每亩(667 m^(2))为1200~1400 kg,可同时满足消费者对果实品质的需求和种植户对经济利益的追求。【Objective】The relationship between grape fruit flavor quality and different load was explored to provide a theoretical reference for the regulation of load in production,so as to improve the quality and yield of grapes.【Methods】Ten-year-old‘Muscat Hamburg’grapes were used to study the relationship between grape fruit flavor quality and yield.Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)was used to compare the effects of three different loading levels on the main aroma components of the fruit:low(T1:1000~1200 kg/667m^(2)),medium(T2:1200~1400 kg/667m^(2)),and high(T3:1400~1600 kg/667m^(2)).【Results】The results revealed that a total of 32 aroma components were detected in‘Muscat Hamburg’grapes,including 12 alcohols,3 aldehydes,2 ketones,1 acid,9 olefins,1 ester,and 4 heterocyclic compounds.Under three loading levels,the types and relative content of alcohols are the highest,with the highest content of aromatic compounds being linalool,which has a rose fragrance.As the load increases,the soluble solids and coloring degree of‘Muscat Hamburg’grapes decrease,and the types and relative content of aroma components gradually decrease.【Conclusion】In summary,the suitable load capacity for‘Muscat Hamburg’grape is 1200~1400 kg/667 m^(2),which can simultaneously meet the quality needs of consumers and the pursuit of economic benefits by growers.

关 键 词：葡萄 玫瑰香 负载量 品质 香气成分 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]