低温处理对软枣猕猴桃种子萌发的影响  

The Effect of Low-temperature Treatment on The Seeds Germination of Actinidia arguta

作　　者：杜玉虎[1] 齐边斌 楚明[1] 刘光远 张力飞[1] 王迎瑞 翟秋喜[1] DU Yuhu;QI Bianbin;CHU Ming;LIU Guangyuan;ZHANG Lifei;WANG Yingrui;ZHAI Qiuxi(Liaoning Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Yingkou Liaoning 115009,China;Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang Liaoning 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁农业职业技术学院,辽宁营口115009 [2]沈阳农业大学,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2025年第2期35-38,共4页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研(重点)项目(LJKZ1216);辽宁省科技特派行动专项计划(2024JH5/10400108)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过两种方式对软枣猕猴桃果实和种子进行低温处理,研究软枣猕猴桃种子萌发的特性,以明确软枣猕猴桃种子低温沙藏所需时长,及不同果实冷冻处理后对种子萌发的影响。【方法】对软枣猕猴桃种子进行不同时长的低温沙藏处理,测定种子的萌发率、萌发势和种子集中萌发度;对软枣猕猴桃硬果(未经后熟)和软果(经过后熟)进行冷冻贮藏,取出种子,测定种子的萌发率、萌发势和种子集中萌发度。【结果】4℃条件下层积处理种子,经过5周后能打破种子自然休眠,萌发率达到80.00%;果实采摘后自然变软后放入-20℃条件下存放5个月,也能度过种子的自然休眠,萌发率达到72.33%;果实采摘后的硬果状态放入-20℃条件下存放5个月,萌发率有所提高,但尚未度过自然休眠,萌发率只有12.00%;随着种子低温沙藏处理时间越长,种子越趋于集中萌发。【结论】软枣猕猴桃种子层积处理需要5周时间,冷冻贮藏软果可以获得高的种子萌发率。【Objective】The fruits and seeds of Actinidia arguta were treated with low temperature in two ways to study the characteristics of seed germination of Actinidia arguta,so as to clarify the time required for low temperature sand storage of Actinidia arguta seeds and the effects of different fruit freezing treatments on seed germination.【Methods】The seeds of Actinidia arguta were treated with low temperature sand storage for different time,and the germination rate,germination potential and centralized germination degree of seeds were determined.The hard fruit(unripe)and soft fruit(after ripening)of Actinidia arguta were frozen and stored,and the seeds were taken out to determine the germination rate,germination potential and centralized germination degree of the seeds.The fruits and seeds of Actinidia arguta were treated with low temperature in two ways to study the characteristics of seed germination of Actinidia arguta,so as to clarify the time required for low temperature sand storage of Actinidia arguta seeds and the effects of different fruit freezing treatments on seed germination.【Results】The fruits and seeds of Actinidia arguta were treated with low temperature in two ways to study the characteristics of seed germination of Actinidia arguta,so as to clarify the time required for low temperature sand storage of Actinidia arguta seeds and the effects of different fruit freezing treatments on seed germination.【Conclusion】The stratification treatment of Actinidia arguta seeds needs 5 weeks,and frozen storage of soft fruits can obtain high seed germination rate.

关 键 词：软枣猕猴桃 种子萌发 层积处理 低温处理 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]