不同月龄婴儿细菌性脑炎早期临床特征分析  

Analysis of early clinical characteristics of bacterial encephalitis in infants of different months

作　　者：解鹏飞 王震 叶壮 XIE Pengfei;WANG Zhen;YE Zhuang(Department of Pediatrics,Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shandong Province,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省淄博市妇幼保健院儿科,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2025年第3期61-64,共4页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：目的 分析不同月龄婴儿细菌性脑炎的早期临床特征。方法 对淄博市妇幼保健院2021年3月至2023年9月诊断为细菌性脑炎的80例婴儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据其月龄分为两组,即1~6月龄组(50例)、7~12月龄组(30例),比较两组早期临床症状、脑脊液及血常规检查结果、相关并发症发生情况。结果 两组以发热[65(81.25%)]、精神反应低下[38(47.50%)]、纳差[34(42.50%)]及惊厥[31(38.75%)]较为多见;7~12月龄组发生肌张力改变的占比高于1~6月龄组(P <0.05);纳入的80例婴儿中,脑脊液白细胞升高50例(62.50%)、脑脊液蛋白升高34例(42.50%)、脑脊液糖降低62例(77.50%);两组脑脊液及血常规异常占比无显著差异(P> 0.05);两组常见并发症包括呼吸道感染[46(57.50%)]、泌尿系感染[15 (18.75%)]及颅内出血[17(21.25%)]等,其中,1~6月龄组泌尿系感染发生率高于7~12月龄组,硬膜下积液发生率低于7~12月龄组(P<0.05)。结论 不同月龄婴儿细菌性脑炎的早期临床特征有所差异,但大部分早期临床症状缺乏典型,其脑脊液及血常规检查差异不显著;7~12月龄婴儿更易出现肌张力改变,且硬膜下积液发生率更高,而1~6月龄婴儿泌尿系感染发生率高。Objective To analyze the early clinical characteristics of bacterial encephalitis in infants of different months.Methods The clinical data of 80 infants with bacterial encephalitis diagnosed in Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2021 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to their monthly age,they were divided into two groups,namely,the 1-6 months age group(50 cases)and the 7-12 months age group(30 cases).The early clinical symptoms,cerebrospinal fluid and blood routine examination results,and related complications of the two groups were compared.Results Fever(65[81.25%]),low mental response(38[47.50%]),poor appetite(34[42.50%]),and convulsions(31[38.75%])were more common in the two groups.The proportion of muscle tone changes in the 7-12 months age group was higher than that in the 1-6 months age group(P<0.05).Among the 80 infants included,50 cases(62.50%)of cerebrospinal fluid leukocytes were increased,34 cases(42.50%)of cerebrospinal fluid protein were increased,and 62 cases(77.50%)of cerebrospinal fluid sugar were decreased.There was no significant difference in the proportion of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid and blood routine between the two groups(P>0.05).Common complications in the two groups included respiratory tract infection(46[57.50%]),urinary tract infection(15[18.75%]),and intracranial hemorrhage(17[21.25%]),etc.The incidence of urinary tract infection in the 1-6 months age group was higher than that in the 7-12 months age group,and the incidence of subdural effusion was lower than that in the 7-12 months age group(P<0.05).Conclusion The early clinical characteristics of bacterial encephalitis in infants of different months are different,but most of the early clinical symptoms are not typical,and the difference of cerebrospinal fluid and blood routine examination is not significant. Infants aged 7-12 months are more likely to have changes in muscle tone and a higher incidence of subdural effusion, while infants aged 1-6 months have a higher incidence of urinary trac

关 键 词：婴儿 细菌性脑炎 临床特征 脑脊液 并发症 

分 类 号：R748[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]