《拉奥孔》之前西方文学研究的视觉维度  

On Visual Representation of Western Literature and Art Before Laocoon

作　　者：蔡熙 Cai Xi(School of Literature and Journalism,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学文学与新闻学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第1期136-147,共12页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金“学术湖南”精品培育项目(25ZDAJ013)。

摘　　要：《拉奥孔》之前的视觉再现理论为西方文艺的视觉研究奠定了基础。视觉再现的历史可以追溯到古希腊,柏拉图、亚里士多德奠定了西方视觉思维的模式。模仿说的视觉再现观认为,艺术家是现实的再造者,视觉与文本在本质上都是对世界的模仿,都以语言为特征,而镜子说实际上也是一种视觉再现。文艺复兴之后,西方的视觉再现朝两个方向开展,一是理性主义,一是经验主义。理性主义强调“心灵的再现”,经验主义将感性的经验作为视觉再现的出发点。在西方的文艺史中,从柏拉图主义到新柏拉图主义再到当代的反柏拉图主义,两千多年来视觉再现的观念一以贯之。The theory of the heterogeneity of poetry and painting as expounded in Laocoon by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing,has exerted a profound and lasting impact on the literary and artistic thought of later generations.However,the systematic research results of western visual representation before Laocoon are still rare.The four aspects,such as,the visual representation of"mimetic theory","mirror theory",rationalism and empiricism clearly clarify the western theoretical origin of visual representation before Laocoon.The history of visual representation can be traced back to the ancient Greece.Before Plato,Socrates developed the idea that art imitates reality and idealizes it.Plato and Aristotle laid the foundation for the mode of western visual thinking.According to the visual representation view of""mimetic theory",artists are the recreators of reality,both vision and text are imitations of the world in essence,and"representation"refers to both the act of imitation and the result of imitation.The mirror is often used as a metaphor in western literature to emphasize its verisimilitude.Plato used the mirror as a metaphor for the essence of imitation,which was often used by later theorists of literature and art,and until the 18th century some influential critics still explained the concept of imitation in terms of the essence of the mirror.The mirror theory is closely related to the imitation theory,which is actually a kind of visual representation.The two are basically used to explain the relationship between the work and the outside world,thinking that the work is a reflection of the outside world,just like a mirror,which is both objective and subjective.But the mirror theory ignores the author's creative personality,the inherent requirements of the work and the influence of the artistic tradition.After the Renaissance,western visual representation developed in two directions,one being rationalism visual representation,and the other empiricism visual representation.Rationalism culture is a kind of text-oriented and visual cu

关 键 词：视觉再现 《拉奥孔》 模仿说 镜子说 理性主义 经验主义 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]