传注的文体特性与焦循“文莫重于注经”说  

The Stylistic Features of Zhuan Zhu and Jiao Xun's Statement of"No Text Is More Important than the Commentary"

作　　者：伏煦 Fu Xu(The Center for Literary Theory and Aesthetics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文艺美学研究中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第1期148-160,共13页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD254)。

摘　　要：以传注为代表的解经类文体被纳入文学畛域,始于《经史百家杂钞》等兼选四部之文的总集将《周易》“十翼”作为序跋体选入,近人王葆心、高步瀛则进一步将传注与论辨、序跋等文类并列,归入“著述门”或“论议门”,使之获得了相对独立的地位。从文体源流和表达方式上看,传注发挥经文义理和相对独立于经文成篇的属性,与序体述作者之意,作为“副文本”独立于著作本身有着相通之处。传注还包括附经而行的注以及唐宋以降文集中的说经之文,在乾嘉考据学的背景下,焦循提出“文莫重于注经”之说,强调说经之文在“意”与“事”两方面达到“精而兼实”的理想境界,不仅从理论上确立说经之文的文学价值,而且促使传注在结合义理与考据之学的基础上兼备辞章之学的意义。Modern anthologies and works on literary genres have broken through the traditional literary concepts since the late Qing Dynasty,extending the scope of"Wen"from"Ji"(miscellaneous works)to"Sibu"(the Four Categories in ancient China).In Zeng Guofan's Miscellaneous Selections from Classics,Histories and Philosophical Works,the prefaces and postfaces of the"Writings"section mainly feature selected texts such as Zhouyi:Wenyan,Xici,and Liji:Guanyi.Although it did not regard the style of"Zhuan Zhu"(commentary and annotation)as an independent literary genre,Wang Baoxin and Gao Buying,influenced by the literary classification system of Miscellaneous Selections from Classics,Histories and Philosophical Works,both considered the commentary and annotation as an independent literary style.They categorized it under the broader categories,such as the"Writings"section or the"Arguments and Discussions"section,along with the related genres such as argumentative writing,prefaces,and postscripts.However,in terms of specific research methods,it should not limit the study to purely conceptual research.Instead,the stylistic characteristics of commentary and annotation should be discussed from both structural form and stylistic function of the text.By comparing annotations with related literary styles,it is possible to a certain extent to"restore"the rationale behind the modern scholars'identification of annotations as a literary genre."Zhuan Zhu"(commentary and annotation)includes not only"Zhuan"that is relatively independent from classical texts,and"Zhu"that is attached to classical texts,but also"explanatory essays"in the name of"Du"(reading),"Yi"(discussing),"Jie"(interpretating),"Bian"(distinguishing)and other prefaces,postscripts and argumentative proses since Tang and Song dynasties.As a typical exegetic text,it is inevitable that the research on the stylistic characteristics of commentary should be compared with similar texts such as preface,postscript and argumentation.On the one hand,Wenyan of the Book of Changes and Xici are

关 键 词：解经类文体 传注 序体 “文莫重于注经” 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学] B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]