行为心理干预在强迫症中的应用  

Application of behavioral psychological interventions in obsessive-compulsive disorder

作　　者：刘玉梅[1] 闫俊[2] 李倩倩 廖金敏[2] Liu Yumei;Yan Jun;Li Qianqian;Liao Jinmin(The Psychiatry and Psychology Department,Xuanwu Hospital the Capital Medical University,Beijing 100045,China;The No.1 General Department,Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院精神心理科,北京100045 [2]北京大学第六医院综合一科,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100191

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2025年第1期83-88,共6页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：北京市海淀区卫生健康发展科研培育计划项目(HP2023-15-502001)。

摘　　要：强迫症(OCD)具有反复发作的强迫侵入性思维和/或行为,症状顽固多变、慢性反复发作的疾病特点。OCD治疗指南中明确推荐,心理治疗能够有效改善临床症状,对于维持长期疗效具有重要作用。但既往研究和临床实践对心理干预在OCD中的应用关注较少,目前对于OCD的心理治疗,特别是已被证实的一线暴露和反应预防疗法、认知行为疗法、森田疗法认识不足,或由于资源受限,未能得到有效干预。因此,本文通过回顾近年来心理治疗干预OCD的相关研究,综述不同心理治疗方法对OCD的干预效果,并进一步阐述可能的疗效机制。在此基础上,本文结合已有研究,明确各类行为心理干预及其联合治疗效果,探索团体和线上等心理干预形式,以增加OCD患者心理治疗的可及性。Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is characterized by recurrent episodes of intrusive thinking and/or behavior,persistent and variable symptoms,and chronic recurrence.It is clearly recommended in the OCD treatment guidelines that psychotherapy can effectively improve clinical symptoms and play an important role in maintaining long-term efficacy.However,previous research and clinical practice paid little attention to the application of psychological interventions in OCD.Currently,there is insufficient understanding of psychotherapy for OCD,especially the proven first-line exposure and response prevention therapy(ERP),cognitive-behavioral therapy,and Morita therapy.Due to limited resources,they have not received effective intervention.Therefore,this article reviews the relevant research on psychological therapy intervention for OCD in recent years,summarizes the intervention effects of different psychological therapy methods on OCD and further elaborates on possible therapeutic mechanisms.Based on this,combined with the existing research,this article clarifies the effect of various behavioral psychological interventions and their combined treatment,and explores group and online forms of psychological intervention in order to increase the accessibility of psychotherapy for OCD patients.

关 键 词：强迫症 心理治疗 行为干预 暴露与反应预防疗法 

分 类 号：R749.7[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]