运营隧道仰拱质量无损检测震源研究  

Research on Seismic Sources for Non-destructive Testing of Inverted Arch Quality in Operation Tunnels

作　　者：罗昊 李秀 邓飞 曹正锋 王耀 禄盛 罗久飞 Luo Hao;Li Xiu;Deng Fei;Cao Zhengfeng;Wang Yao;Lu Sheng;Luo Jiufei(Sichuan Jintong Engineering Test and Testing Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China;College of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering,University of Chongqing Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川金通工程试验检测有限公司,四川成都610000 [2]重庆邮电大学先进制造工程学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2025年第1期56-64,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52075063);蜀道城乡集团自立科研项目(编号:CX202301);重庆市教育科学规划课题重点项目(编号:K22YD206081);重庆邮电大学教育教学改革项目(编号:XJG22229)。

摘　　要：地震波法是隧道仰拱质量检测的重要方法,对预防潜在交通风险、保障隧道长期稳定运行至关重要。为了获得高品质地震波信号,利用有限元方法构建了隧道的三维模型,模拟了冲击锤震源在仰拱表面的冲击过程,并探讨了质量、速度和半径对冲击过程的影响规律。研究表明:当冲击锤质量由10 kg增至30 kg时,地震信号振幅增大,且基本呈线性变化,主频降低且降幅缩小,频宽变小且降幅扩大;当冲击锤速度由2 m/s增至4 m/s时,地震信号振幅增大,但增幅有所下降,主频基本保持不变,频宽增大且增幅扩大;当冲击锤半径由0.06 m增至0.1 m时,地震信号振幅增大但增幅下降,主频降低且降幅扩大,频宽变小且降幅扩大。此外,依据仿真结果,设计了质量为10 kg、速度为4 m/s、半径为0.06 m的气动冲击锤在某运营隧道进行现场试验,试验结果表明,该震源能够获得高品质的地震波信号,并对仰拱底界面进行清晰成像,本研究成果可以为运营隧道仰拱工程质量检测提供参考。The seismic wave method is vital for testing the quality of tunnel inverted arches,crucial for preventing potential traffic risks and ensuring the long-term stable operation of tunnels.To capture high-quality seismic signals,we have developed a 3D tunnel model and simulated the impact of a hammer source on the arch surface using finite element analysis.Our study analyzed how mass,velocity,and radius affect the impact dynamics.Results indicate that:①increasing hammer mass from 10 kg to 30 kg linearly boosts seismic signal amplitude while reducing dominant frequency and bandwidth;②higher hammer velocity from 2 m/s to 4m/s enhances signal amplitude but with diminishing returns,stabilizes dominant frequency,and expands bandwidth;③larger hammer radius from 0.06 m to 0.1 m increases signal amplitude but with reduced increase degree,lowers dominant frequency more significantly,and increases bandwidth reduction.In addition,based on the simulation results,a pneumatic impact hammer with a mass of 10 kg,a velocity of 4 m/s and a radius of 0.06 m was designed to carry out field tests in an operating tunnel.The test results show that the source can capture high-quality seismic wave signals and provide clear imaging of the inverted bottom interface.The research results can offer valuable insights for non-destructive quality assessment of inverted arches of the operating tunnels.

关 键 词：隧道仰拱 地震法 有限元仿真 冲击锤震源 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]