DBP和BPA对斑马鱼早期发育、运动行为和神经系统的影响  

Effects of DBP and BPA on early development,locomotor behavior and nervous system in zebrafish

作　　者：王济佳 高妮 边重千 王子龙 荀昭博 吴朗[1] WANG Jijia;GAO Ni;BIAN Chongqian;WANG Zilong;XUN Zhaobo;WU Lang(Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,咸阳712000

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第4期1748-1762,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(32001196)。

摘　　要：近年来,塑料污染日趋严重,已成为全球关注的环境问题。塑料添加剂等污染物随着塑料的不当处理或老化大量进入环境中,严重威胁动物和人类健康。为确定两种典型塑料添加剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(Dibutyl phthalate,DBP)和双酚A(Bisphenol A,BPA)对鱼类早期发育和行为的影响,研究以斑马鱼(Danio rerio)为模式动物,探讨DBP与BPA单独及联合暴露对斑马鱼胚胎发育、运动行为和神经系统的影响。结果显示:DBP和BPA单独和联合暴露导致斑马鱼胚胎和仔鱼心率下降,体长缩短,孵化进程加快,但对总孵化率和畸形率无明显影响。DBP单独及和BPA联合暴露导致仔鱼运动能力增强、活跃度增加。DBP单独暴露导致丙二醛含量增加,诱导脑部细胞凋亡水平升高。DBP和BPA联合暴露导致神经系统发育相关基因转录水平升高,神经递质五羟色胺含量降低,但多巴胺含量和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性并无明显变化。DBP和BPA在联合干扰胚胎早期发育(心率、孵化率)和仔鱼运动能力(运动速度、运动距离、狂躁状态频率、狂躁状态持续时间、活跃状态频率、活跃状态持续时间)方面主要表现为拮抗效应,在影响神经系统发育相关基因(gfap、tph1b、th、syn2a和nestin)的转录水平方面表现为一定的协同效应。本研究结果可为DBP和BPA在水环境中的风险评估提供数据支撑,也可为邻苯二甲酸酯类和双酚类化合物对水生动物的联合神经毒性效应机制研究奠定基础。In recent years,plastic pollution has become increasingly serious,becoming global environmental concern.Plastics are widely used in daily life,and their addictive chemicals bisphenol A and phthalates continue to be produced and released into the environment in large quantities,due to improper disposal or degradation of plastics.Alarmingly high levels of bisphenol A and phthalates have been frequently detected in water and sediments and pose serious threats to the health of both animals and humans.Most current studies focus on their single effects on organisms,yet their combined effects on aquatic organisms are not clear.Given that these compounds often coexist in the natural environment,their combined effects deserve further investigation.Hence,the aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of plastic additives dibutyl phthalate(DBP)and bisphenol A(BPA)in aquatic organisms.To determine the effects of DBP and BPA on the early development and behavior in fish,in this study,using zebrafish(Danio rerio)as animal model,we investigated the single and combined effects of DBP and BPA on embryonic development,motor behavior and nervous system in zebrafish.Our results revealed that both individual and combined exposure to DBP and BPA resulted in decreased heart rate,shortened body length and accelerated hatching process in zebrafish embryos and larvae,but has no significant effect on total hatching rate and malformation rate.This suggested that DBP and BPA could interfere with normal physiological development.We observed that both individual and combined exposure to DBP and BPA enhanced the locomotor ability and activity level in zebrafish larvae.Furthermore,combined exposure to DBP and BPA increased the frequency of spontaneous tail curling in zebrafish embryos.We also found that DBP alone exposure resulted in increased malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and induced increased levels of apoptosis in brain cells.Combined exposure of DBP and BPA elevated the concentration of the oxidative stress product malondialdehyde(M

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(BPA) 双酚A(DBP) 联合暴露 运动行为 斑马鱼 神经毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52