基于室内相似试验的高陡直立岩质边坡锚固支护效应研究  

Research on Anchorage Support Effect of High Steep Vertical Rock Slope Based on Indoor Similarity Test

作　　者：张鹏程 董梦龙[2] 卢刚 单钟锟 ZHANG Pengcheng;DONG Menglong;LU Gang;SHAN Zhongkun(Institute of Geochemical Exploration and Marine Geological Surrey,East China Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau for Non-ferrous Metals,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210007;Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210098;Zhejiang Shuzhi Transportation Institute Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310030)

机构地区：[1]江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院,江苏南京210007 [2]河海大学,江苏南京210098 [3]浙江数智交院科技股份有限公司,浙江杭州310030

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2025年第1期27-34,共8页Coal Geology of China

基　　金：2021年江苏省地质勘查项目基金(苏财资环[2021]46号)。

摘　　要：在工程建设过程中,由于边坡的人工开挖,会造成大量高陡直立岩质边坡的存在。尤其是在陡立的薄层状岩质边坡中,往往会发生破坏,造成滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害的现象。已有岩体锚固效应成果研究对象大都只限制为岩质边坡,并未针对性地系统研究高陡直立岩质边坡。而高陡直立岩质边坡其发育特征具有特殊性,区别于其他结构的岩质边坡,陡立岩层在岩体自重与卸荷作用下会发生向临空面方向的倾倒变形,缺乏对这一特殊岩体结构边坡锚固效应的系统研究。本文旨在研究高陡直立岩质边坡变形破坏的支护方式、锚固效应等具有重要的工程意义,为工程的推进、边坡支护处理的措施选择以及生态修复方法的选择提供重要的指导作用。以某高陡岩质边坡变形破坏的工程实例,结合室内相似材料制作的锚固试验分析,得出不同锚固角下,锚固前后直立边坡的变形情况,试验结果表明,当采用锚固角为15°、25°和35°的锚固方式时,试验边坡均产生贯通的折断面,且折断面深度随锚固角增大逐渐加深,破坏程度较高,锚固角15°锚固方式下边坡破坏为最为严重。确定45°锚固角为最优锚固角方案。研究结果对高陡直立岩质边坡锚固方案进行优化,为工程后续治理修复提供借鉴。During the construction process,manual excavation of slopes can result in the presence of a large number of steep and vertical rock slopes.Especially in steep thin layered rock slopes,damage often occurs,causing geological disasters such as landslides and collapses.The research on the anchorage support effect of existing rock masses is mostly limited to rock slopes,and there has been no targeted systematic study of high and steep vertical rock slopes.However,the development characteristics of steep vertical rock slopes are unique.Unlike other rock slopes with different structures,steep rock layers will undergo tilting deformation towards the free face direction under the self-weight and unloading of the rock mass.There is a lack of systematic research on the anchoring effect of this rock slope.This article aims to study the support methods and anchorage effects of deformation of steep vertical rock slopes,which have important engineering significance.It provides important guidance for the advancement of engineering,the selection of slope support measures,and the selection of ecological restoration methods.Taking the engineering example of deformation and failure of a high vertical rock slope as an example,combined with indoor anchorage tests made of similar materials,the deformation of the vertical slope before and after anchoring was analyzed under different anchorage angles.The test results showed that when anchoring methods with anchorage angles of 15°,25°,and 35°were used,the test slope produced a continuous fracture surface,and the depth of the fracture surface gradually deepened with the increase of the anchorage angle,and the degree of damage was relatively high.and the slope damage was most severe under the anchoring method with an anchorage angle of 15°.Determine anchorage angle 45°as the optimal scheme.The research results optimize the anchoring scheme for high steep vertical rock slopes,providing reference for subsequent engineering treatment and repair.

关 键 词：高陡直立岩质边坡 相似试验 锚固加固 边坡支护 锚固角 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] TU458.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]