低温胁迫对克氏原螯虾抗氧化与非特异性免疫能力的影响  

Effect of low temperature on antioxidant and non-specific immunity of Procambarus clarkii

作　　者：沙文彬 刘闯 孙云飞 成永旭[1,2,3,4] SHA Wenbin;LIU Chuang;SUN Yunfei;CHENG Yongxu(Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecosystem,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Aquaculture Engineering and Technology Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学农业农村部鱼类营养和环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2025年第1期123-134,共12页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2401802)。

摘　　要：为研究低温胁迫对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)抗氧化与非特异性免疫能力的影响,本实验设置4个温度组(对照组:23℃,低温组:9℃、5℃、1℃),在各个温度组采集肝胰腺、鳃和血淋巴,并测定抗氧化与免疫相关酶活性和基因表达。抗氧化与免疫酶结果显示,低温胁迫下克氏原螯虾肝胰腺和血淋巴中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)活性逐渐上升。肝胰腺和血淋巴中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性均先上升后下降。丙二醛(MDA)含量均逐渐增加,在1℃时达到最高。肝胰腺中过氧化氢酶(CAT)逐渐下降,血淋巴中先上升后下降。基因表达结果显示,低温胁迫下克氏原螯虾鳃和肝胰腺组织中SOD、CAT、甲壳素(Crustin)基因mRNA表达量随温度降低先上升后下降,热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因mRNA表达量在鳃中无显著变化,在肝胰腺中先上升后下降。综上所述,低温胁迫下克氏原螯虾的机体会发生氧化应激反应,抗氧化与免疫系统调节提高抗氧化与免疫酶活性,且诱导抗氧化与免疫基因高表达,以此来应对低温造成的氧化损伤,保护细胞活性维持正常生命活动。研究结果为克氏原螯虾稻虾综合种养模式下冬季健康养殖和耐低温品系的选育提供一定的理论基础。To investigate the effects of low-temperature stress on the antioxidant and non-specific immune capacity of crayfish(Procambarus clarkii),we collected hepatopancreas,gills and haemolymph at 4 temperature levels(control:23℃,experimental group:9℃,5℃,1℃),then measured antioxidant and immune-related enzyme activities and gene expression.The results of antioxidant and immunoenzymatic activities showed a gradual increase in total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)activity in hepatopancreas and haemolymph of P.clarkii under low temperature stress.The trend of increasing and then decreasing activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX),acid phosphatase(ACP)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)was observed in hepatopancreas and haemolymph.Both malondialdehyde(MDA)contents increased gradually,peaking at 1℃.Catalase(CAT)decreased gradually in the hepatopancreas with an increase followed by a decrease in the haemolymph.Gene expression results showed that mRNA expression of SOD,CAT,and Crustin genes in gills and hepatopancreas of P.clarkii increased and then decreased with decreasing temperatures under lowtemperature stress,and the heat shock protein 70(HSP70)gene mRNA expression does not change significantly in gills with an increase followed by a decrease in hepatopancreas.In summary,oxidative stress occurred in P.clarkii under low-temperature stress,and the antioxidant and immune system responded to low-temperature oxidative damage by increasing the activity of antioxidant and immune enzymes and inducing the high expression of antioxidant and immune genes,to protect cellular activity and maintain normal life activities.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of low temperature resistant strains of P.clarkii under the integrated rice-crayfish aquaculture model.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 低温 抗氧化 非特异性免疫 基因表达 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]