包头市南海湿地土壤细菌多样性分析及耐重金属菌株的筛选  

Analysis of soil bacterial diversity and screening of heavy metal resistant strains in Nanhai wetland of Baotou City

作　　者：高智春 Gao Zhichun(Baotou Branch of the General Environmental Monitoring Station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区环境监测总站包头分站,内蒙古包头014060

出　　处：《环境与发展》2025年第1期58-65,共8页Environment & Development

摘　　要：本文以南海湿地为研究对象,基于Illumina高通量测序技术探究湿地土壤细菌的群落结构特征及重金属污染对土壤细菌多样性的影响,同时筛选其中抗重金属菌株,为南海湿地环境保护及生态修复提供一定的科学依据和实践指导。结果表明:从南海湿地土壤中共获得37个细菌门和1044个细菌属,且变形菌门为绝对优势菌门;α、β多样性显示重金属污染会显著影响湿地土壤细菌群落结构并降低菌落多样性;FAPROTAX软件预测南海湿地土壤中细菌群落主要生态功能为化学异养、需氧化学异养和发酵。与此同时,从南海湿地土壤中筛得1株耐重金属菌株NHXJ1,经鉴定为申氏不动杆菌,可为后续重金属污染土壤修复提供一定的菌种资源。In this study,we focused on the community structure of wetland soil bacteria and the effects of heavy metal pollution on soil bacterial diversity based on Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology,and screening the heavy metal-resistant strains in Nanhai wetland,so as to provide certain scientific basis and practical guidance for the environmental protection and ecological restoration of Nanhai wetland.The results show that a total of 6913 operational taxonomic units(OUTs)from Nanhai wetland soil were classified into 37 bacterial phyla and 1044 bacterial genera,among which proteobacteria is the absolute dominant bacteria.Based onαandβdiversity analysis,the structure and diversity of wetland soil bacteria have been significantly different under heavy metal stress.Based on FAPROTAX functional prediction analysis,chemoheterotrophy,aerobic chemoheterotrophy and fermentation were the main ecological functions of bacterial communities in Nanhai wetland soil.At the same time,a strain identified as Acinetobacter schindleri,named NHXJ1,was screened from Nanhai wetland soil.NHXJ1 has a variety of heavy metal tolerance,which can provide strain resources for the subsequent the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：南海湿地 土壤细菌 群落特征 菌种筛选 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]