烟台芝罘湾贝、参单养和贝-参-鱼复合养殖对环境的影响比较  

Comparative Analysis of Environmental Impact of Monoculture of Shellfish,Sea Cucumber and Integrated Aquaculture of Shellfish-Sea Cucumber-Fish in Zhifu Bay of Yantai

作　　者：聂艺 卢钰博 王旭明 刘晓玲[1] 许修明[2] 程敬伟 崔龙波[1] NIE Yi;LU Yubo;WANG Xuming;LIU Xiaoling;XU Xiuming;CHENG Jingwei;CUI Longbo(School of Life Sciences,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;School of Ocean,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;Qingdao Liancheng Aquatic Technology Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266001,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264005 [2]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005 [3]青岛联成水产科技有限公司,山东青岛266001

出　　处：《烟台大学学报(自然科学与工程版)》2025年第1期55-63,共9页Journal of Yantai University(Natural Science and Engineering Edition)

基　　金：山东省贝类产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-14-05);烟台大学横向课题(SK21H096)。

摘　　要：为探究适宜的生态养殖模式,在烟台芝罘湾设置贝、参单养和贝-参-鱼复合养殖区,每月取样检测,周期为一年,比较了3类养殖区水质、浮游植物、细菌以及养殖动物生长和存活情况的变化。研究发现:贝-参-鱼复合养殖海域有机物含量、细菌数量以及海水富营养化程度明显低于单养区;复合养殖区浮游植物群落结构稳定,物种分布均匀,种类更加丰富。复合养殖区牡蛎和刺参存活率比单养区分别提高了5.2%和5.1%,产量分别增加了10.7%和8.1%。结果表明贝-参-鱼复合生态养殖模式可以实现水体空间和饵料资源的充分利用,加速水体物质循环,维持养殖系统稳定并降低自身污染。To explore a suitable ecological aquaculture mode,shellfish,sea cucumber monoculture,and shellfish-sea cucumber-fish integrated aquaculture zones were established in Zhifu Bay of Yantai.Monthly sampling was performed over a year to compare changes in water quality,phytoplankton,bacteria,and the growth and survival rates of the cultured animals in these three types of aquaculture zones.This study found that the shellfish-sea cucumber-fish compound aquaculture area had significantly lower organic matter content,bacterial count,and degree of seawater eutrophication compared to the monoculture zones.The phytoplankton community structure in the compound aquaculture was stable,with a more even distribution of species greater diversity.The survival rates of oyster and sea cucumber were 5.2%and 5.1%higher,compared to the monoculture zones,with yield increases of 10.7%and 8.1%,respectively.The results indicate that the shellfish-sea cucumber-fish ecological aquaculture model can achieve full utilization of water space and feed resources,accelerate the material cycle in water,maintain stability in the breeding system,and reduce its own pollution.

关 键 词：贝-参-鱼复合养殖 水质 生态养殖 存活 

分 类 号：S967[农业科学—水产养殖]