尼洋河中上游红豆草与苜蓿混播对草地生产性能的影响  

Effects of Mixed Sowing of Sainfoin and Alfalfa in the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Niyang River on the Grassland Production Performance

作　　者：桑旦 普布卓玛 益西央宗 Sangdan;Pubu Zhuoma;Yixi Yangzong(Institute of Pratacultural Science,Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所,拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏科技》2025年第1期3-7,23,共6页Xizang Science And Technology

基　　金：中央引导地方项目(XZ202001YD0015C);国家牧草产业技术体系拉萨综合试验站(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为以苜蓿和红豆草为试材,在工布江达县巴河镇开展不同种植模式对红豆草与苜蓿的生产性能的影响。结果表明,苜蓿与红豆草在第一年的物候期间差异不显著,在第二年开始红豆草各物候期均比苜蓿早108~12d。在混播和单播中,混播鲜草产量在第一茬22529.12 kg/hm^(2),第二茬15172.09 kg/hm^(2),第三茬3614.88 kg/hm^(2)显著高于单播苜蓿和红豆草(P<0.05)。混播后的鲜干草产量显著优于两种牧草单播,混播鲜草产量比苜蓿单播能提高4.7%,比红豆草单播能提高1.4%.混播的干草产量比苜蓿单播能提高6.78%,比红豆草单播能提高1.28%.不同播种方式下粗蛋白含量苜蓿单播>混播>红豆草单播。三种处理下土壤有机质含量均增加,红豆草单播、苜蓿单播、红豆草与苜蓿混播处理较对照分别增加39.26%、41.07%、49.62%,其中混播下增幅最高。全氮含量增加85.77%、85.29%.全磷含量均下降,土壤全钾含量均增加,其中混播下土壤全钾含量增幅最高。水解性氮含量在苜蓿单播增加1.6%.有效磷在红豆草单播和混播时分别增加了28.57%、2.61%.This study investigates the effects of different planting patterns on the production performance of sain-foin and alfalfa using them as test materials in Bahe Town,Gongbu Jiangda County.The results show that there was no significant difference between the two types of forage crops in thephenological period of the first yeaer,and the phenological stages starting from the second year of sainfoin were all 108 to 12 days earlier than those of alfalfa.In the mixed and single sowing patterns,the fresh forage yield of mixed sowing pattern reached 22,529.12 kg/hm^(2) in the first cut,15172.09 kg/hm^(2) in the second cut,and 3614.88 kg/hm^(2) in the third cut.significantly higher than that in the single sowing pattern of alfalfa and sainfoin(P<0.05).The fresh and dry forage yields of mixed sowing pattern were significantly better than those of the two forage crops sown separately.The fresh forage yield of the mixed sow-ing was 4.7%higher than that of alfalfa sown alone and 1.4%higher than that of sainfoin sown alone.The dry forage yield of the mixed sowing was 6.78%higher than that of alfalfa sown alone and 1.28%higher than that of sainfoin sown alone.By different sowing methods,the crude protein content followed the order:alfalfa sown alone>mixed sowing>sainfoin sown alone.The soil organic matter content increased under all three treatments,with increases of 39.26%,41.07%and 49.62%respectively for sainfoin sown alone,alfalfa sown alone,and the mixed sowing com-pared to the control.Among them,the mixed sowing showed the highest increase.The total nitrogen content in-creased by 85.77%and 85.29%respectively.The total phosphorus content decreased in all cases,while the total potas-sium content in the soil increased,with the highest increase observed under mixed sowing.The hydrolyzable nitrogen content increased by 1.6%when alfalfa was sown alone.The available phosphorus content increased by 28.57%and 2.61%respectively when sainfoin was sown alone and under mixed sowing.

关 键 词：尼洋河中上游 红豆草 苜蓿 营养品质 生产性能 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]