咖啡因对运动后抑制效益的增值贡献:剂量和机制  

The Value-added Contribution of Caffeine to Inhibition Benefit after Exercise:Dosage and Mechanisms

作　　者：刘洁 高淑青[1] 张连成[1] 李晖[1] 王菁如 杜玲玲 LIU Jie;GAO Shuqing;ZHANG Liancheng;LI Hui;WANG Jingru;DU Lingling(Key Laboratory of Competitive Sport Psychological and Physiological Regulation,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院竞技运动心理与生理调控重点实验室,天津301617

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报》2025年第1期46-54,共9页Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目资助(23YJAZH035);2021年度天津体育学院科研培育项目。

摘　　要：目的:研究通过两个实验分别探讨咖啡因对运动后抑制效益影响的剂量效应及其脑机制。方法:实验1邀请20名大学生参与4次实验,每次分别摄入0mg(安慰剂)、100mg、200mg、400mg的咖啡因后进行有氧运动干预,运动后即刻测量其抑制功能。在实验1的基础上,实验2邀请18名大学生参与两次实验,在有氧运动前摄入0mg(安慰剂)或200mg咖啡因,运动干预后进行Flanker任务测试,同时通过fNIRS设备对其前额叶脑区的脑血流量进行监测。结果:咖啡因与运动后抑制效益之间存在量效关系,200mg的咖啡因剂量较其他剂量更能显著提高运动后的抑制功能。在脑机制方面,咖啡因摄入提高了大学生完成抑制任务时腹外侧前额叶皮层和背外侧前额叶皮层的血红蛋白水平。结论:中等剂量的咖啡因促进了脑的可塑性变化,其对运动后抑制效益起到增值贡献。研究表明,大学生在进行体育运动前可以摄入中等剂量的咖啡因(约星巴克美式咖啡大杯)作为补给,这样既能补充体力,又能实现认知效益的提高。Objective:In this study,two experiments were conducted to investigate the dose effect of caffeine on inhibition benefit after exercise and its brain mechanism.Methods:In experiment 1,20 college students were invited to participate in 4 experiments.Each time they ingested 0 mg(placebo),100 mg,200 mg,and 400 mg of caffeine for aerobic exercise intervention,and their inhibitory function was measured immediately after exercise.On the basis of experiment 1,experiment 2 invited 18 college students to participate in two experiments,consuming 0 mg(placebo)or 200 mg of caffeine before aerobic exercise flanker task test was performed after exercise intervention and cerebral blood flow in prefrontal cortex was monitored by fNIRS.Results:The results showed that there was a dose-effect relationship between caffeine and inhibition effect after exercise.The dose of 200mg caffeine could significantly improve the inhibition function after exercise compared with other doses.In terms of brain mechanisms,caffeine intake increased hemoglobin levels in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when college students completed inhibition tasks.Conclusion:Moderate doses of caffeine promoted the plasticity of the brain,which made a value-added contribution to the inhibition benefit after exercise.This suggests that college students can take a moderate dose of caffeine(about large cup of Starbucks Americano)as a supplement before exercise,which can not only supplement physical strength,but also achieve greater cognitive benefits.

关 键 词：咖啡因 抑制控制 运动认知效益 剂量 脑可塑性 FNIRS 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]