文化共生视域下职业教育促进技艺类非遗活态传承的现实审视与路向选择  

Realistic Examination and Direction Selection of Vocational Education Promoting the Active Inheritance of Technical Intangible Cultural Heritage from the Perspective of Cultural Symbiosis

作　　者：唐瑗彬[1] 陈小丹 刘珊杉 Tang Yuanbin;Chen Xiaodan;Liu Shanshan(Teachers College for Vocational and Technical Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学职业技术师范学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《职教论坛》2025年第2期11-19,共9页Journal of Vocational Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“西南民族地区职业教育赋能技艺类非遗活态传承的机制研究”(编号:23XMZ012),主持人:唐瑗彬。

摘　　要：职业教育是推动非物质文化遗产创造性转化与创新性发展的重要途径。基于文化共生理论视域,职业教育在促进技艺类非遗传承方面具有包容异质文化实现文化自觉、促进文化交流实现文化认同、推进文化创新实现文化自为三大功能。但实际上职业教育在非遗传承过程中存在现代文化与传统文化冲突化解能力弱、多主体协同关系相对薄弱、人才创新能力培养体系不健全的现实困境,制约了职业教育非遗活态传承的文化自觉、文化认同和文化自为功能的实现。基于此,从共生单元、共生模式和共生环境三个方面提出推动技艺类非遗的活态传承与职业教育的特色发展的路径:建立非遗文化产业园推进共生单元集约化,唤醒文化自觉;搭建政校企协同机制促进共生环境优化,实现文化认同;构建非遗特色学徒制助力共生模式生成,实现文化自为。Vocational education is an important way to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of intangible cultural heritage.Based on the theory of cultural symbiosis,vocational education has three major functions in promoting the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage in the field of skills.These functions include embracing heterogeneous cultures to achieve cultural consciousness,promoting cultural exchange to achieve cultural identity,and advancing cultural innovation to achieve cultural self-reliance.However,in reality,vocational education faces practical challenges in the process of intangible cultural heritage inheritance.These include a weak ability to resolve conflicts between modern and traditional cultures,relatively weak collaborative relationships among multiple stakeholders,and an incomplete system for cultivating talent innovation abilities.These challenges constrain the realization of cultural consciousness,cultural identity,and cultural self-function in the active inheritance of intangible cultural heritage in vocational education.Based on this,a path is proposed to promote the dynamic inheritance of technical intangible cultural heritage and the characteristic development of vocational education from the following three aspects.First,it suggests establishing intangible cultural heritage cultural industry parks to promote the intensification of symbiotic units and awaken cultural consciousness.Second,it recommends building a collaborative mechanism between government,schools,and enterprises to promote the optimization of the symbiotic environment and achieve cultural identity.Third,it advocates constructing a distinctive apprenticeship system for intangible cultural heritage to facilitate the generation of symbiotic models and achieve cultural self-reliance.

关 键 词：文化共生 职业教育 非物质文化遗产 活态传承 特色学徒制 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]