重探刑事简易程序价值理论  

Revisiting the Value Theory of Simplified Criminal Procedures

作　　者：贾志强[1] JIA Zhiqiang(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,长春130012

出　　处：《南京师大学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期88-100,共13页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“刑事诉讼量刑合意机制实证研究”(21CFX072);吉林大学“中国式现代化与人类文明新形态”哲学社会科学创新团队青年项目“中国式刑事审判现代化基础理论研究”(2023QNTD01)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从“完善认罪认罚从宽制度”到“完善轻罪治理体系”,刑事简易程序的适用一直是个关键问题。在持续推进的相关改革中,有必要回归对基本理论的关注,重探刑事简易程序的价值理论。在刑事诉讼对抗与合作的二元模式视角下,传统诉讼价值理论在视野上具有一定局限性。在刑事简易程序中,诉讼效率是相对优先的价值目标。从制度史来看,破解“案多人少”困境是导致刑事简易程序产生的直接动力;从正当性来看,被追诉人自愿认罪是更高程度追求诉讼效率的内在基础;基于系统性思维,优先强调效率有助于提升普通程序公正性。传统程序正义理论对于刑事简易程序具有局限性,在强效率因素介入下刑事简易程序的正义形态为“底限正义”。即使程序简化程度再高,中立的裁判者、律师的帮助、被追诉人的程序选择权、法官的实质性裁判等,仍是必须具备的程序正义要素。From“Improving the Leniency System for Pleading Guilty”to“Enhancing the Misdemeanor Governance System”,the application of simplified criminal procedures has consistently been a critical issue.Amid ongoing reforms,it is essential to refocus on fundamental theoretical discussions and revisit the value theory of simplified criminal procedures.From the perspective of the binary model of adversarial and cooperative criminal litigation,traditional litigation value theories demonstrate certain limitations in scope.In simplified criminal procedures,procedural efficiency emerges as a relatively prioritized value objective.Institutionally,the direct driving force behind the emergence of simplified criminal procedures is the need to address the challenge of“too many cases and too few personnel”.From the perspective of legitimacy,the accused s voluntary confession forms the intrinsic foundation for pursuing higher litigation efficiency.Adopting systemic thinking,prioritizing efficiency aids in enhancing the fairness of ordinary procedures.However,traditional procedural justice theories have limitations in the context of simplified criminal procedures.Under the strong influence of efficiency considerations,the justice in simplified criminal procedures is characterized as“minimal justice”.Regardless of the extent of procedural simplification,certain elements of procedural justice—such as a neutral adjudicator,legal assistance,the procedural choice of the accused,and substantive adjudication by the judge—must remain intact.

关 键 词：刑事简易程序 诉讼价值 认罪 程序简化 底限正义 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]