基于需求分类的中继卫星系统增量式软件工程方法  

An incremental software engineering method in relay satellite system based on classification of requirements

作　　者：单长胜 尹斌 同兰娟 郝静 李婉钰 SHAN Changsheng;YIN Bin;TONG Lanjuan;HAO Jing;LI Wanyu(Space Information Transmission Center of Beijing,Beijing 102300;The 15th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京空间信息传输中心,北京102300 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第十五研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2025年第1期47-55,共9页Chinese High Technology Letters

摘　　要：中继卫星系统为中低轨航天器、火箭等提供数据中继服务,应用十分广泛。由于所服务的目标技术特点不同,中继卫星系统必须不断开展增量式软件开发以适应这种变化性。增量式软件开发采用瀑布模型,该方法逐步暴露出自动化手段不足、效率低等问题,在长期的实践应用过程中,逐步形成了一种快速高效的软件工程方法来完成增量式开发。该方法以传统瀑布模型为基础,结合中继卫星系统软件增量式开发特点,按照描述方式不同将软件需求进行分类,并根据不同类型的软件需求,定制化开展软件设计、软件更动和软件测试。具体包括:一是针对参数型软件需求,设计了需求形式化方法,实现了从需求描述到软件实现的自动化;二是针对需求分类,定制化构建4类软件更动的方式,提出了软件更动的量化评价方法,降低了软件设计过程对于人员经验的依赖;三是面向不同类型的软件更动,设计了软件更动和软件测试的并行方法,突破了瀑布模型的效能瓶颈。应用数据表明,在中继卫星系统增量式软件开发上,该方法可以大幅提高软件开发效率和软件质量。Relay satellite system provides the data relay service for the medium/low orbit spacecraft and rocket.It’s widely used in spaceflight telemetry,tracking and command.Due to differences in wireless communication between user targets,it is necessary to carry out the incremental software development.The incremental software development uses the waterfall model whose shortcomings are exposed gradually,such as lack of automation support and lower efficiency.In the process of long-term practical application,a fast and efficient software engineering method has been formed to complete incremental software development.This method is based on traditional waterfall model,combined with the characteristics of incremental development of relay satellite system software,software requirements are classified according to different description methods,and software design,software change and software testing are customized according to different types of software requirements.First,for parametric software requirements,a formal method is designed to realize automatic transformation from the requirement description to software implementation.Secondly,this paper customizes four types of software modification methods for requirement classification.Third,a parallel method of software change and software test is designed for different types of software change,which breaks through the efficiency bottleneck of waterfall model.The application data shows that method proposed in this paper can increase software development efficiency and software quality in incremental software development of relay satellite systems.

关 键 词：航天系统 中继卫星系统 增量式软件开发 软件工程 需求工程 软件测试 

分 类 号：V556.8[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] TP311.52[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]