“恢复我完全无缺之金瓯”:章太炎对中国疆域完整的追求(1900—1936)  

“Recovering Our Territorial Integrity”:The Pursuit of Chinese Territorial Integrity of Zhang Taiyan(1900-1936)

作　　者：何卓恩[1] 陈博然 HE Zhuoen;CHEN Boran(Institute of Chinese Modern History,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学中国近代史研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《安徽史学》2025年第2期52-60,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：民族主义与疆域思想密不可分。章太炎是中国近代一位重要的思想家,他的民族主义思想学界已有共识,而其疆域思想则众说纷纭。其实,晚清革命时期,其“十八行省”疆域论的实质并非真正放弃满、蒙、回、藏所聚居的边疆,当面对外部世界、中外话题时,他会不经意流露出内心深处保全整体国土的愿望。中华民国建立后,基于中国内部整合问题在法理上已经定型这一现实和他本人筹边经历,章太炎的族群主义退隐,而国族主义凸显,其疆域思想中,追求领土完整的成分迅速上升,族群主义逐渐移向文化层面。九·一八事变后,章太炎驳斥“满蒙非中国论”,“收复失地”成为内心强烈愿望。章太炎的疆域观始终与他的民族主义相激荡,这种族群主义与国族主义之间的消长,是中国知识分子走出“天下主义”探索现代民族国家之路的一个典型案例。National thoughts and territorial thoughts are inseparable.Zhang taiyan was an important thinker in modern Chinese.There is a consensus in the academic community about his nationalist thoughts.However,there are many different opinions about his territorial thoughts.In fact,during the Revolution of the late Qing Dynasty,his territorial theory of“Eighteen Provinces of Mainland”was not to truly abandon the frontiers where Manchu,Mongolian,Hui,and Tibetans lived.When he has facing the outside world and coming to the Chinese-foreign issues,he would inadvertently reveal his deep desire to preserve the entire territory.After the Republic of China has established,based on the the reality that China’s internal integration issues had been finalized in legal terms,in addition,effected by his own experience in preparing for the Northeast Frontier,Zhang taiyan’s ethnicism has retreated,while his nationalism stood out.In his territorial thoughts,the pursuit of territorial integrity rose rapidly,and ethnicism gradually moved to the cultural level.After the September 18th Incident,Zhang taiyan refuted the theories of“Manchu and Mongolian were not Chinese”.“Recovering lost territory”became a strong desire in his heart.Zhang taiyan’s thoughts of territory always conflicted with his national thoughts.The rise and fall between ethnicism and nationalism was a typical case of Chinese intellectuals moving beyond“universalism”and exploring the path of the modern nation-state.

关 键 词：章太炎 民族主义 国族主义 族群主义 疆域 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学] B259.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]