响应面法优化百香果籽油水酶法提取工艺研究  

Optimization of Extraction Process of Passion Fruit Seed Oil with Aqueous Enzymatic Method by Response Surface Methodology

作　　者：彭杨 黄珊 吕都 卢扬 唐健波 陈超 PENG Yang;HUANG Shan;LYU Du;LU Yang;TANG Jianbo;CHEN Chao(Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Guizhou Institute of Biotechnology,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省生物技术研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2025年第2期102-111,共10页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“百香果-罗汉果复合爆珠饮料加工关键技术研究与示范”(黔科合支撑〔2021〕一般140)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明水酶法提取百香果籽油的最佳工艺,为百香果籽的高值化开发利用提供技术支撑。【方法】以百香果籽为原料,采用水酶法提取百香果籽中的油脂,分析中性蛋白酶、α-淀粉酶、木聚糖酶、果胶酶和纤维素酶5种酶制剂对百香果籽油提取率的影响,并在料液比、超声时间、酶添加量、酶解时间4个单因素试验基础上,使用响应面试验设计优化水酶法提取工艺。【结果】5种酶制剂中以中性蛋白酶对百香果籽油提取效果最佳,提取率达71.42%,显著高于其余酶制剂。当料液比为1∶7、超声20 min、酶制剂添加量2.0%、酶解时间4 h时,百香果籽油提取率在各单因素试验中均达最高,分别为62.35%、65.42%、63.19%和72.72%。响应面法优化百香果籽油水酶法提取工艺后,最佳提取条件为以中性蛋白酶为酶制剂,料液比1∶7,超声时间21 min,酶添加量2.0%,酶解时间4.5 h,在此条件下百香果籽油提取率达88.65%,与模型预测值相差0.43%,相对误差为0.48%,响应面试验回归模型与实际拟合较好,模型可靠有效,所优化的工艺条件参数准确可靠。【结论】百香果籽油水酶法提取最佳工艺为以中性蛋白酶为酶制剂,料液比1∶7,超声时间21 min,酶添加量2.0%,酶解时间4.5 h。【Objective】In order to provide technical support for the high-value development and exploitation of passion fruit seeds,the optimum technology of aqueous enzymatic method extracting passion fruit seeds oil was explored.【Method】The aqueous enzymatic method was employed to extract oil from passion fruit seeds.The effects of five enzymatic preparations,namely neutral protease,α-amylase,xylanase,pectinase and cellulase,on the seed oil extraction rate were analyzed.Based on four single-factor experiments involving solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic time,enzyme dosage and enzymatic hydrolysis time,the response surface design was used to optimize the extraction process.【Result】Among the five tested enzymatic preparations,neutral protease had the optimum extraction effect for passion fruit seed oil,achieving an extraction rate of 71.42%,which was significantly higher than the other enzymatic preparations.In singlefactor tests,when the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶7,ultrasonic treatment lasted 20 minutes,enzyme dosage was 2.0%,and enzymatic hydrolysis time was 4 hours,the extraction rates peaked at 62.35%,65.42%,63.19%and 72.72%respectively.After optimizing the aqueous enzymatic extraction process of passion fruit seed oil by the response surface method,the optimal parameters included neutral protease as the enzyme,a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶7,21 minutes of ultrasonic treatment,2.0%enzyme dosage,and 4.5 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis.Under these conditions,the extraction rate reached 88.65%,with a deviation of 0.43%from the model prediction and a relative error of 0.48%.The regression model of the response surface experiment fitted the actual situation well,proving its reliability and effectiveness.The optimized process parameters were accurate and reliable.【Conclusion】The optimum extraction technology of passion fruit seed oil by aqueous enzymatic method includes neutral protease as the enzyme,a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶7,21 minutes of ultrasonic treatment,2.0%enzyme dosage,and 4.5 hours of enzymatic hydrolysi

关 键 词：百香果 百香果籽 植物油 酶制剂 水酶法 响应面法 工艺优化 提取率 

分 类 号：TS224.2[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]