学龄前儿童牙列畸形现状影响因素及定期健康教育模式探讨  

Exploration of the factors influencing the current status of dental malocclusion in preschool children and the model of regular health education

作　　者：张秀林 毛美清 陈秋硕 Zhang Xiulin;Mao Meiqing;Chen Qiushuo(School&Hospital of Stomatology,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2025年第1期118-121,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的调查学龄前儿童牙列畸形现状,分析其影响因素,为实施定期教育模式提供参考。方法于2023年5—12月选取温州地区来温州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院检查的381名学龄前儿童进行调查,检测其口腔情况,并观测牙列畸形发生率。采用二元logistic回归分析影响学龄前儿童发生牙列畸形的相关因素。结果在346名调查对象中,共发现182名儿童患有牙列畸形,发生率为52.60%。根据学龄前儿童是否发生牙列畸形进行分组,将其分为牙列畸形组(n=182)及正常组(n=164)。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,喂养方式为奶瓶、咬唇、吮指、经常用口呼吸及偏侧咀嚼均为影响学龄前儿童发生牙列畸形的危险因素,定期检查为保护因素。结论温州地区学龄前儿童牙列畸形状况有待改善,应针对相关影响因素,通过定期健康教育等方式进行干预,以改变学龄前儿童的不良习惯,从而改善口腔健康状况。Objective To investigate the current status of dental malocclusion in preschool children,analyze the factors influencing it,and to provide a reference for the implementation of a regular education model.Methods From May 2023 to December 2023,381 cases of preschool children in Wenzhou area who came to School&Hospital of Stomatology,Wenzhou Medical University for checkups were selected for a survey to detect the oral conditions of the children and to observe the incidence of dental malocclusion.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors associated with the development of dental malocclusion in preschool children.Results A total of 346 cases were investigated and 182 children were found to have dental malocclusion with an incidence of 52.60%,which were divided into dental malocclusion group(n=182)and normal group(n=164)according to whether dental malocclusion occurred or not.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that bottle feeding,lip biting,finger sucking,frequent mouth breathing and lateralized chewing were risk factors for the influence of dental malocclusion in preschool children and regular checkups were protective factors.Conclusion The dental malocclusion status of preschool children in Wenzhou area needs to be improved,and interventions should be carried out to address the relevant influencing factors,including through regular health education,in order to change the children’s bad habits so as to improve their oral health.

关 键 词：学龄前 儿童 牙列畸形 影响因素 健康教育 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]