航空基础设施与区域产业演化路径  

How airports affect the regional industrial revolution paths

作　　者：方嘉雯[1,2] 贺灿飞 张培风[1,2] FANG Jiawen;HE Canfei;ZHANG Peifeng(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Peking University-Lincoln Institute Center for Urban Development and Land Policy,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学-林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《地理研究》2025年第2期342-358,共17页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42171169)。

摘　　要：航空运输凭借其高速和灵活性,逐渐成为推动经济发展的重要方式,为区域产业升级提供新动力。这种趋势在经济地理学理论和国家规划中都得到了新的关注。为了深入研究航空运输对区域产业发展的影响机制,本研究结合中国海关总署的进出口数据和民航机场吞吐量数据,运用演化经济地理学中的技术关联度和技术复杂度框架,并借助空间分析和计量经济模型,以机场为航空基础设施的代表,探讨其客货运服务对区域产业演化路径的影响。研究发现:中国的机场客货运服务能力与区域产业的技术关联度和复杂度近年来都有所提升,且在空间分布上呈现出扩散趋势;拥有机场的城市往往沿着“路径依赖且技术复杂度提高”的方向重塑其产业格局;机场通过促进产业动态机制和区域创新机制,提高了区域技术关联度和技术复杂度,从而推动区域产业升级;机场对经济发达城市和经济欠发达城市在影响程度上存在差异,经济欠发达城市更侧重路径依赖式演化,而经济发达城市更偏向产业升级式演化。因此,在规划建设机场时,应充分考虑本地产业发展特点和潜力,为市场开拓和人才技术流动创造条件、消除障碍、避免路径锁定,确保机场对区域产业有序发展的双重作用得以充分发挥。Air transportation,due to its speed and flexibility,has become a leading mode of transportation driving economic development in recent years.This significance is recognized both in economic geography theories and national planning strategies.This study aims to examine how airport capacity influences the evolutionary trajectory of regional industries.By analyzing trade data and airport capacity data of China's municipal cities and employing the technological relatedness and complexity dimensions from evolutionary economic geography,we conducted spatial analyses and econometric modeling.Our findings reveal that over the past two decades,China's airports have seen an increase in capacity,paralleled by advancements in regional industry's technological relevance and complexity,with a more dispersed spatial distribution.Notably,airports are redefining regional industrial evolution towards path dependency and increased complexity.This transformation is facilitated by enhancements in firm entry and knowledge innovation.There are differences in how local airports influence industrial revolution between less-developed and developed cities,where less-developed cities focus more on path-dependent revolution while the developed ones favor industrial upgrading.Given these findings,this research underscores the need for airport construction and planning to consider the unique characteristics and growth potential of local industries,enhance airport accessibility,and foster local industrial specialization to maximize airport potential.

关 键 词：航空基础设施 区域产业演化 关联度 复杂度 演化经济地理学 

分 类 号：F562.8[经济管理—产业经济] F127