固定义齿、活动义齿及其联合修复对牙周病伴牙列缺损患者咀嚼功能和语言功能的修复效果比较  

Comparison of the restorative effects of fixed dentures,removable dentures,and their combination on masticatory and speech functions in patients with periodontal disease and dentition defects

作　　者：郑睿 张志刚 Zheng Rui;Zhang Zhi-gang(Department of Stomatology,Dazu District People's Hospital,Chongqing 402360,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市大足区人民医院口腔科,重庆402360

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2025年第6期17-23,共7页China Journal of Modern Medicine

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(No:CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0128);重庆市大足区科技发展项目(科卫联合医学科研项目类)(No:DZKJ2024JSYJ-KWXM1063)。

摘　　要：目的探讨固定义齿、活动义齿及其联合修复在牙周病伴牙列缺损患者咀嚼功能和语言功能的修复效果。方法选取2021年7月—2023年7月在重庆市大足区人民医院口腔科就诊的牙周病伴牙列缺损患者153例,根据其修复方式将患者分为固定-活动组、固定组和活动组,每组51例。对比3组患者治疗效果,治疗前后咀嚼功能和语音功能变化,以及患者美观满意度评分。结果固定-活动组、固定组、活动组总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。固定-活动组、固定组和活动组治疗前、治疗后1和3个月的咬合力和咀嚼效率比较,结果:①不同时间点咬合力和咀嚼效率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,3组咬合力和咀嚼效率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1和3个月的咬合力和咀嚼效率比较,固定-活动组较固定组和活动组好(P<0.05)。②3组咬合力和咀嚼效率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③3组咬合力和咀嚼效率变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组治疗前语音功能比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。固定-活动组治疗后觉舌感舒适和发音轻松例数占比高于其他组(P<0.05)。固定-活动组治疗后语音清晰度高于其他组(P<0.05)。固定-活动组患者PES、WES和美观度评分均高于固定组和活动组(P<0.05)。固定-活动组基托断裂2例,基托固位不良3例,发生率为9.80%;固定组基托断裂2例,基托固位不良1例,发生率为5.88%;活动组基托断裂1例,基托固位不良3例,发生率为7.84%。3组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论固定-活动义齿、固定义齿和活动义齿均可以改善患者咀嚼功能、语音功能和美观度,但固定-活动义齿效果更佳。Objective To explore the restorative effects of fixed dentures,removable dentures,and their combination on masticatory and speech functions in patients with periodontal disease and dentition defects.Methods A total of 153 patients with periodontal disease and dentition defects who were treated at the Department of Stomatology of Dazu District People's Hospital were enrolled between July 2021 and July 2023.According to different repair methods.Patients were categorized into three groups based on the type of restoration:the fixedremovable group,the fixed group,and the removable group,with 51 cases in each group.The three groups were compared in terms of treatment outcomes,changes in masticatory and speech functions before and after treatment,and patient aesthetic satisfaction scores.Results There was no significant difference in the overall effective rate among the fixed-removable group,the fixed group and the removable group(P<0.05).The occlusal force and masticatory efficiency of the three groups before treatment,1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment were compared,which demonstrated that they were different among the time points(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in occlusal force and masticatory efficiency among the groups before treatment(P>0.05),but they were better in the fixed-removable group than those in the fixed group and the removable group at 1 month and 3 months after treatment(P<0.05).There were significant differences in occlusal force and masticatory efficiency among the three groups(P<0.05).The change trends of the occlusal force and masticatory efficiency were also different among the groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in speech functions among the three groups before treatment(P>0.05).The proportion of patients reporting tongue comfort and ease of pronunciation after treatment was higher in the fixed-removable group than in the other groups(P<0.05).After treatment,the speech articulation in the fixed-removable group was higher than that in the other groups

关 键 词：牙周病 牙列缺损 活动义齿 固定义齿 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]