“民胞物与”:生存智慧及其生态哲学向度解读  

All People Are My Kins,and All Things Are My Companions:An Interpretation of the Living Wisdom and Its Eco-Philosophical Implications

作　　者：包庆德[1,2] 冯超 BAO Qingde;FENG Chao

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学哲学学院 [2]内蒙古大学内蒙古生态文明研究基地,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]北京大学哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《思想战线》2025年第1期165-172,共8页Thinking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“唯物史观视野中的当代西方生态哲学思潮研究”阶段性成果(22AZX002)。

摘　　要：宋代杰出理学家张载提出的“民胞物与”思想,认为不仅天下之人都是我同胞,而且天下万物皆如我同类。这不仅突破了人与物之间不可跨越的藩篱,将人与天地自然万物关系作为生命共同体置于平等维度中加以全面考量,同时深度体现着在生命共同体内人与自然的双向互动关系。人能够在自我意识生成过程中展现其主体能动性地位,能够以心体物、以仁察物,这是人对自然的能动作用;而自然又会作为一种能够被意识的客观存在对人起着引导作用,天地自然之间生生不息之德,正是人们所应当追求的。在全球性生态危机日趋严峻的今天,“民胞物与”思想所昭示的人与自然和谐共生的哲学理念,彰显其厚重的生存智慧底蕴和深层的生态哲学意蕴。深入开展其生存智慧及其生态哲学向度的伦理阐释与哲学解读,对重塑人与自然和谐共生关系具有重要借鉴价值。Zhang Zai,an outstanding neo-confucian scholar from Song Dynasty,once proposed the idea of“All people are my kins,and all things are my companions”,which posits that not only all the people in the world are my kins,but all things in the universe are akin to me as well.The idea transcends the insurmountable divide between man and things,placing the relationship between man,heaven,earth and all living beings into an equal dimension for comprehensive consideration.It deeply reflects the mutual interaction between man and nature within this life community.Human beings,in the process of self-awareness generation,demonstrate their subjective initiative by engaging with nature,in“uniting their mind with things”and“observing things with benevolence”,they exert a transformative influence on nature.At the same time,nature,as an objective existence that can be perceived,guides and influences humanity.The boundless virtue between heaven and earth represents what people should strive to pursue.In the face of the increasingly severe global ecological crisis,Zhang Zai’s idea of harmonious coexistence between man and nature reveals its profound living wisdom and deep eco-philosophical implications.Conducting an in-depth ethical interpretation and philosophical analysis of this living wisdom and eco-philosophical orientation provides valuable insights for reshaping a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

关 键 词：张载 “民胞物与” 生命共同体 大心 生态智慧 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]