动静圆盘系统轴向力特性实验及预测方法研究  

Characteristic experiment and predictive methodology for axial thrust of dynamic and static disk systems

作　　者：张森 方浩楠 高一鸣 张新民[1] 曾继来[2] 李华星[3] ZHANG Sen;FANG Haonan;GAO Yiming;ZHANG Xinmin;ZENG Jilai;LI Huaxing(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院,河南焦作454003 [2]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [3]西北工业大学航空学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《推进技术》2025年第3期252-260,共9页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11772263);河南省自然科学基金(222300420166)。

摘　　要：为了准确预测动静圆盘系统的轴向力特性,考虑其几何结构特点,将动静圆盘系统间隙流动简化为由圆周剪切流和径向压差流叠加而成的轴对称二维粘性层流运动,通过求解Navier-Stokes方程,建立了动静圆盘系统的轴向力预测模型。然后,利用改造的离心泵综合性能实验台,对动静圆盘系统间隙流场压力分布特性进行了测量。结果显示,当过流流量一定时,动静圆盘系统间隙流场中任意半径处的压力变化量与入口压力的增减量相等;当入口压力一定时,过流流量增大使间隙入口处的局部压力损失增加,导致入口处流体压降的梯度增大,而其他半径处的压力分布曲线接近平行。此外,相比于过流流量,入口压力对动静圆盘系统轴向力的影响更为显著。为了验证本文提出的动静圆盘系统轴向力预测模型的可靠性,对不同工况下的轴向力预测结果与实验数据进行了比较,结果显示两者的最大相对误差小于5%。研究表明,本文提出的预测模型能够对动静圆盘系统的轴向力特性进行准确预测。In order to accurately predict the axial thrust characteristics of the dynamic and static disk sys⁃tem,taking into account the characteristics of its geometric structure,the flow in the gap of the dynamic and stat⁃ic disk system is simplified as an axisymmetric two-dimensional viscous laminar flow composed of circumferential shear flow and radial differential pressure flow.By solving the Navier-Stokes equation,the axial thrust prediction model of the dynamic and static disk system is established.Then,the flow field pressure distribution characteris⁃tics in the gap of the dynamic and static disk system were measured by using the modified test rig for the centrifu⁃gal pump.The findings indicate that,with a constant forced overflow rate,the pressure variation at any radius in the gap flow field of the dynamic and static disk system is equal to the increase or decrease in the inlet pressure.When the inlet pressure remains stable,an increase in the forced overflow rate induces a higher local pressure loss at the gap inlet.This growth results in a steeper gradient of fluid pressure drop at the gap inlet,whereas the pressure distribution curves at other radii remain almost parallel.In addition,in comparison to the forced over⁃flow rate,the gap inlet pressure has a more significant impact on the axial thrust of the dynamic and static disk system.In order to verify the reliability of the axial thrust prediction model for dynamic and static disk system,the predicted axial thrust results of the dynamic and static disk system under different working conditions were compared with the experiment data,and the maximum relative error is less than 5%.The research shows that the axial thrust characteristics of the dynamic and static disk system can be accurately predicted by the prediction model in present work.

关 键 词：动静圆盘系统 轴向力 预测模型 NAVIER-STOKES方程 过流流量 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] V233.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]