6个桑葚品种在凯里地区的引种试验及综合评价  

Introduction experiment and comprehensive evaluation of 6 mulberry varieties in Kaili area

作　　者：潘新春 冯芬 吴明秋 刘欣 杨芩 PAN Xinchun;FENG Fen;WU Mingqiu;LIU Xin;YANG Qin(Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding and Variety Creation of Horticultural Plant for Mountain Features in Guizhou Province,Kaili 556000,China;College of Life and Health Science,Kaili University,Kaili 556000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州山地特色园艺作物分子育种与品种创制重点实验室,贵州凯里556000 [2]凯里学院大健康学院,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第5期57-62,共6页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：凯里学院省级大学生创新训练计划项目“桑葚优良品种引种试验及评价”(4099);凯里学院贵州省省级一流本科专业(园艺);凯里学院一流学科(园艺学);贵州山地特色园艺作物分子育种与品种创制重点实验室(黔教技[2022]053号)。

摘　　要：为丰富贵州凯里地区果树种类,引进‘桂花蜜’‘云南野桑’和‘泰国黑桑’等6个桑葚品种并在该地区进行试验种植,观测其物候期,比较叶片生长状况、果实特性,测定可溶性固形物、维生素C和果糖等9个营养品质指标含量,并对其进行综合评价。结果表明,物候期方面,6个参试品种均能正常生长并开花结果,其中‘泰国黑桑’‘黑珍珠’在4月下旬成熟,‘桂花蜜’‘云南野桑’‘农家桑’和‘四季果桑’在5月初成熟;叶片和果实特性方面,6个品种叶片生长情况与果实性状存在差异,‘四季果桑’的叶长、叶宽和叶柄长较大,‘黑珍珠’的单果重、果实纵径、果实横径和果形指数较高;营养品质方面,‘桂花蜜’‘四季果桑’的营养品质较优,其中‘桂花蜜’的可溶性固形物、维生素C和果糖等含量较高,‘四季果桑’的果糖、葡萄糖和总糖等含量较高;综合评价表明,‘四季果桑’‘泰国黑桑’和‘农家桑’的营养品质综合评分较高,可在凯里及周边地区适度发展,亦可作为桑葚品种培育的优良母本。本文为推广桑葚栽培、优良品种培育和母本选择提供参考。To enrich the variety of fruit trees in the Kaili region,Guizhou Province,6 mulberry varieties including‘Osmanthus Honey’‘Yunnan Wild Mulberry’,and‘Thai Black Mulberry’were introduced for experimental planting in the area,and their phenological periods were observed.The leaf growth status and fruit characteristics were compared,the content of 9 nutritional quality indicators,including soluble solids,vitamin C,and fructose were measured and comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that in terms of phenological periods,all 6 tested varieties were able to grow and flower normally.‘Thai Black Mulberry’and‘Black Pearl’matured in late April,while‘Osmanthus Honey’‘Yunnan Wild Mulberry’‘Farmhouse Mulberry’,and‘Four Seasons Fruit Mulberry’matured in early May;in terms of leaf growth status and fruit characteristics,there were differences in leaf and fruit traits among the 6 varieties.‘Four Seasons Fruit Mulberry’had larger leaf length,leaf width,and petiole length,while‘Black Pearl’had higher single fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit transverse diameter,and fruit shape index;in terms of nutritional quality,‘Osmanthus Honey’and‘Four Seasons Fruit Mulberry’had better nutritional quality.‘Osmanthus Honey’had higher levels of soluble solids,vitamin C,and fructose,while‘Four Seasons Fruit Mulberry’had higher levels of fructose,glucose,and total sugar;the comprehensive evaluation showed that the nutritional quality of‘Four Seasons Fruit Mulberry’‘Thai Black Mulberry’and‘Farm Mulberry’had a high comprehensive score and could be moderately developed in Kaili and surrounding areas.They can also be used as mother plants to cultivate excellent mulberry varieties.This article provides references for promoting mulberry cultivation,cultivating excellent varieties,and selecting maternal parents.

关 键 词：桑葚品种 引种 物候期 营养品质 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]