论《方言疏证》中戴震的语义观  

On Dai Zhen's Semantic Views in Dialect Explanation

作　　者：傅瑛[1] 潘定武[2] FU Ying;PAN Dingwu(School of Foreign Languages,Huangshan University,Huangshan 245041,Anhui,China;School of Literature,Huangshan University,Huangshan 245041,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]黄山学院外国语学院,安徽黄山245041 [2]黄山学院文学院,安徽黄山245041

出　　处：《合肥大学学报》2025年第1期8-13,共6页Journal of Hefei University

基　　金：安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题“戴震《方言疏证》认知语义研究”(2022CX142);黄山学院校级科研重点项目(徽州文化类)“新时代徽州身份重构研究”(2021xhwh006);安徽省教育厅人文社科重点项目“新时代中国文化战略背景下安徽非物质文化遗产译介模式研究”(SK2021A0630)。

摘　　要：戴震《方言疏证》中蕴含着丰富的语义观,对校雠学、文献学、考据学及语言学影响深远。微观上,戴震关注音形义及三者之间的关系,其语义观可总结为“建类一首,同意相受”的语义范畴观及“因形求义+因声求义”的语义象似观;宏观上,超越文字层面的语义观可总结为广搜群籍+互文互证的大语境观和限于某一古籍某一释义的小语境观。戴震微观的语义范畴观和语义象似观是朴素的认知语义观,而宏观的语义语境观关注语义的社会性及动态性,戴震的语义观具有现代性。Dai Zhen' s Dialect Explanation embodies rich semantic views,which has a profound impact on collation,philology,textology and linguistics.At the micro level,Dai Zhen focuses on the sound,form and meaning of a Chinese character as well as the relationship among them.His semantic view can be summarized as the semantic view of category(the same form symbol implies the same semantic field,the same category and the same meaning) and the semantic view of iconicity(meaning has a close relationship with its form and sound).At the macro level,his semantic view that transcends the word level can be summarized as a broad context perspective of extensive search of collective books and intertextual verification,and a narrow context perspective confined to a specific interpretation in a certain ancient book.Dai Zhen' s micro perspective on semantic category and semantic iconicity is a naive view of cognitive semantics,while the macro perspective on semantic context focuses on the social and dynamic nature of semantics.Dai Zhen' s semantic views have shown modern characteristics.

关 键 词：戴震 《方言疏证》 语义 语义观 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学] H254