科技型中小企业商业模式创新与组织能力演化及其竞争优势的形成机理——基于大疆的探索性案例研究  

Business Model Innovation and Organizational Capability Evolution of Technology-based SMEs and the Formation Mechanism of Their Competitive Advantages——An Exploratory Case Study Based on DJI

作　　者：贾昌进 张宝建[2] Jia Changjin;Zhang Baojian(Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China;Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院,山西晋中030619 [2]山西财经大学,山西太原030006

出　　处：《当代经济管理》2025年第3期30-40,共11页Contemporary Economic Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业孵化生态系统的价值共创过程研究”(71974119);国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业网络与区块链交互融合及治理创新研究”(72472091)。

摘　　要：科技型中小企业作为中国经济转型升级的重要主体,探究其可持续竞争优势的形成机理,对提升我国企业综合竞争力,带动产业链不断向高端发展至关重要。文章选取深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司作为研究对象,纵向解构其成长路径,探究科技型中小企业不同阶段可持续竞争优势的形成机理。研究发现:基于企业生命周期理论,商业模式创新和动态能力的交互作用关系存在阶段性差异。在生存初始期,组织能力突破资源限制构建组合以创新商业模式,生成企业成长基因;在快速扩展期,创新商业模式提升用户黏性,培育用户导向的动态能力达成企业“存活”的初级目标;在稳步成长期,组织能力发挥“杠杆”作用,挖掘商业模式隐性资源以极大化资源产出效益,助力开放式创新实现企业“活得好”的最终目标。组织能力对企业商业模式创新的作用呈“驱动—转化—协调”的演化特征,企业可持续竞争优势的演化路径可归纳为“技术领先型—用户导向型—开放合作型”。As an important subject of China’s economic transformation and upgrading,it is very important to explore the formation mechanism of sustainable competitive advantage of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of Chinese enterprises and drive the continuous development of the industrial chain to the high-end.This paper selects Shenzhen DJI Technology Co.,Ltd.as the research object,deconstructs its growth path vertically,and explores the formation mechanism of sustainable competitive advantages of technology-based SMEs at different stages.The results show that based on the enterprise life cycle theory,there are phased differences in the interaction between business model innovation and dynamic capabilities.In the initial stage of survival,the organizational ability breaks through the resource constraints to build a portfolio to innovate the business model and generate the“enterprise growth gene”.In the period of rapid expansion,innovative business models improve user loyalty,cultivate user-oriented dynamic capabilities,and achieve the goal of“initial survival”;in the period of steady growth,organizational capabilities play a“leverage”role,and organizational capabilities tap the implicit resources of business models to maximize the benefits of resource output,helping open innovation to achieve the ultimate goal of“living well”for enterprises;the impact of organizational capability on enterprise business model innovation transfers from drive to transformation to coordination.The evolution path of an enterprise’s sustainable competitive advantage can be summarized as“technology leading-user oriented-open and cooperative”.

关 键 词：商业模式创新 可持续竞争优势 组织能力 案例研究 

分 类 号：F276.44[经济管理—企业管理]