基于IMC-PID方法的火电厂锅炉跟随控制优化研究  

Research on Boiler Follow Control Optimization in Thermal Power Plants Based on IMC-PID Method

作　　者：乔红宝 QIAO Hongbao(China Coal Hongxing Power Generation Co.Ltd.,Hami 839000,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤红星发电有限公司,新疆哈密839000

出　　处：《工业加热》2025年第2期25-31,共7页Industrial Heating

摘　　要：传统的锅炉随动控制(BFC)策略在应对锅炉负荷波动时,存在响应速度慢、超调大、误差偏高等问题,难以满足现代火力发电厂对高效节能的要求。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了基于内模控制比例-积分-微分(IMC-PID)调节方法的BFC系统优化策略。使用一阶惯性纯滞后模型参数对IMC-PID控制器进行调参,通过IMC-PID方法获得控制器参数,并利用该参数对BFC系统进行控制。通过对设定点变化(±5%)的闭环测试,结果表明,在+5%设定点变化时,MO为0.00%,IAE为120,321.7;而PIC控制的MO为0.30%,IAE为14,707.2。在-5%设定点变化下,其在降低超调和误差的同时也显著提高了系统响应速度。与传统的PID调节相比,该方法在动态响应、精度控制及稳定性方面具有明显优势,适用于燃煤电厂的负荷调节与控制优化,具有重要的工业应用价值。Traditional Boiler Follow Control(BFC)strategies face challenges in dealing with boiler load fluctuations,such as slow response times,large overshoots,and high error rates,making it difficult to meet the requirements for high-efficiency and energy-saving in modern thermal power plants.To address these issues,this paper proposes an optimized BFC system strategy based on the Internal Model Control Proportional-Integral-Derivative(IMC-PID)method.The IMC-PID controller parameters were tuned using a first-order plus dead time model,and the IMC-PID method was employed to obtain controller parameters for the control of the BFC system.Through closed-loop tests of set-point changes(+5%),the results show that for a+5% set-point change,the maximum overshoot(MO)was 0.00%,and the integral absolute error(IAE)was 120,321.7;in contrast,the traditional PIC control had an MO of 0.30% and an IAE of 14,707.2.Under a-5% set-point change,the IMC-PID method significantly improved the system's response speed while reducing overshoot and error.Compared to traditional PID control,this method demonstrated clear advantages in terms of dynamic response,accuracy control,and stability,making it suitable for load regulation and control optimization in coal-fired power plants with significant industrial application value.

关 键 词：锅炉随动控制 火力发电厂 内模控制 一阶惯性纯滞后模型 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]