也说责怨义“不说VP_(预期行为)”的语法性质与形成过程  

On the Grammatical Properties and Evolution of the Complaining Construction"Not Saying VP"

作　　者：黄光毅 HUANG Guangyi(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《赣南师范大学学报》2025年第1期66-72,共7页Journal of Gannan Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(17BYY162)。

摘　　要：“不说VP_(预期行为)”整体表达“某人没有实施预期行为”引发的责怨义,因此不宜对“不说”单独定性,而应把“不说VP_(预期行为)”整体视为构式。当“不说”后接表示说者打算的VP时,在“不说做某事”意味着“不想做某事”的语用推理下,“不说VP”发生重新分析,即由言说义虚化为意愿义/打算义且VP相应地从指称性变为陈述性动词短语。此种语义演变并不独见,但因为它只发生于反预期的责怨语境,VP只能表示言者预期行为,所以“不说VP_(预期行为)”的句法语义演变与责怨语用义凝固为整体的构式义具有一定的同步性。The construction"Not Saying VP"is utilized to express the notion that an individual has failed to perform an anticipated action,thereby instilling a sense of complaint.It is imperative to consider the construction as a whole rather than isolating the element"Not Saying".When"Not Saying"is followed by a VP that signifies the speaker's intention,and under the pragmatic inference that"Not saying to do something"implies"Not wanting to do something",the construction undergoes a reanalysis.The speech act meaning of"to say"is abstracted to a sense of intention or plan,and the VP shifts from a referential to a declarative verb phrase.This semantic evolution is not unique but is specific to contexts of unexpected blame,hence the grammatical and semantic evolution of the"Not Saying VP"construction is synchronized with the consolidation of its function as a complaining expression.

关 键 词：“不说VP_(预期行为)” 责怨义 语义演变 构式 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]