湍流脉动风对高速铁路路堑区域积雪分布的影响  

Influence of Turbulent Fluctuating Wind on Snow Accumulation in Cutting Areas of High-Speed Railway

作　　者：刘操[1,2,3] 高广军 陈光[1,2,3] 李小白[1,2,3] 张洁 王家斌 LIU Cao;GAO Guangjun;CHEN Guang;LI Xiaobai;ZHANG Jie;WANG Jiabin(The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-Duty and Express High-Power Electric Locomotive,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2025年第1期38-49,共12页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52202429);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ40747);湖南省研究生创新训练项目(1053320220552)。

摘　　要：针对铁路路堑区域风吹雪灾害问题,采用改进延迟分离涡湍流模型、合成涡方法及欧拉两相流模型,结合网格动态变形技术,实现路堑区域雪粒堆积外形的时程变化提取,并通过试验验证数值模拟的正确性。在此基础上,模拟分析均匀来流和湍流来流2种工况下路堑内流场结构、摩擦速度分布及积雪轮廓变化规律,研究湍流脉动风对高速铁路路堑区域积雪分布的影响。结果表明:2种来流条件下路堑区域迎风侧边坡积雪质量基本一致,但积雪质量增长速率与积雪分布特性存在较大差异;湍流来流延缓了路堑背风侧边坡区域大尺度涡系到涡对的转换,且在道床与背风侧边坡之间产生较强的侵蚀现象,进而降低了背风侧边坡和道床区域的积雪质量;相比于均匀来流工况,120 min时湍流来流工况下的路堑整体积雪质量降低24.8%,其中背风侧边坡区域积雪质量降低40.2%,道床区域积雪质量降低20.6%,迎风侧边坡区域积雪质量基本一致。In response to the issue of wind-blown snow disasters in railway cutting areas,this paper adopts the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES)turbulence model,the synthetic vortex method,and the Euler two-phase flow model,combined with grid dynamic deformation technology,to extract the temporal evolution of snow particle accumulation patterns in the cutting area.The correctness of the numerical simulation is verified through experiments.On this basis,the effects of uniform and turbulent fluctuating flow conditions on the distribution of snow cover in the high-speed railway cutting area are studied;and the flow field structure,friction velocity distribution,and snow cover contour inside the cutting area are analyzed.The results show that under the two flow conditions,the snow mass on the windward side slope of the cutting area is basically the same,but there are significant differences in the growth rate and distribution characteristics of snow accumulation.Turbulent fluctuating flow conditions delay the transition from large-scale vortices to vortex pairs in the leeward slope area of the road cut and generate strong erosion phenomena between the track bed and the leeward slope,thereby reducing the snow accumulation in the leeward slope and roadbed area.At t=120 min,compared to uniform flow conditions,under turbulent fluctuating flow conditions,the total accumulation of snow in the cutting area decreases by 24.8%;the snow accumulation in the leeward slope area decreases by 40.2%and that in the roadbed area decreases by 20.6%,while the snow accumulation in the windward slope area remains basically the same.

关 键 词：高速铁路 路堑 湍流脉动风 积雪分布 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U216.41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]