高速动车组柔性车体-座椅-人体系统耦合振动特性  

Research on Coupled Vibration Characteristics of Flexible Carbody-Seat-Body System of High-Speed EMU

作　　者：高建敏[1] 王谢堂 GAO Jianmin;WANG Xietang(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Ganzhou Polytechnic,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]赣州职业技术学院电气工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2025年第1期167-181,共15页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51735012);国家轨道交通创新引智基地项目(B16041)。

摘　　要：针对高速轻量化动车组与人体之间动力耦合振动特性研究不充分的问题,基于多体动力学理论和刚柔耦合理论,建立考虑动车组柔性车体与座椅及坐姿人体耦合振动响应的高速动车组柔性车体-座椅-人体耦合动力学模型,研究高速铁路随机轨道不平顺激励下人体生物力学特性对高速轻量化动车组振动特性的影响,以及车体柔性振动作用下不同座位处人体的动力响应特征。结果表明:人体生物力学特性会增大车体某些柔性模态频率;满座工况下,基于人车耦合动力学模型得出的5 Hz频率以上的共振峰频率和横向共振峰幅值较传统车辆动力学模型的大,而垂向共振峰幅值则较传统车辆动力学模型的小;车体振动响应的1阶峰值频率明显降低,而幅值则略有增加;人体在一定程度上起到阻尼吸振的作用,在300 km·h^(-1)行车速度和满座工况下,人体可明显抑制车体5 Hz频率以上的高频垂向振动,而弹性车体的振动则会激发人体垂向5.25 Hz和横向2.13 Hz频率左右的固有模态,使人体在该频域下的振动能量有所增加。因此,若以车体地板振动加速度代替人体响应评估高速动车组的振动舒适性,会与真实的人体振动程度存在一定偏差。To address the insufficient research on the dynamic coupled vibration characteristics of high-speed lightweight electric multiple unit(EMU)vehicle and human body,based on the multi-body dynamics theory and the rigid-flexible coupled theory,a high-speed EMU-seat-human body coupled dynamics model considering the carbody flexibility and the coupled vibration effects of the vehicle,seat and seated human body was established.The influence of the human body biomechanical characteristics on the vibration characteristics of high-speed lightweight EMUs under random track irregularity excitation of high-speed railways and the dynamic response characteristics of the human body at different seats under the action of carbody flexible vibration were studied.The results show that the human body biomechanics characteristics will increase the frequency of some flexible modes of the carbody.Under full occupancy conditions,the resonance peak frequencies above 5 Hz and the lateral resonance peak amplitudes calculated by the human-vehicle coupled dynamics model are larger than those of the traditional vehicle dynamics model,while the vertical resonance peak amplitudes are smaller than those of the traditional model;the first-order peak frequency of the carbody vibration response decreases obviously,while the amplitude increases slightly.The human body plays a certain role in damping and vibration absorption to a certain extent.At a running speed of 300 km·h^(-1) and full occupancy conditions,the human body can significantly inhibits the high-frequency vertical vibration above 5 Hz of the carbody,and the vibration of the elastic vehicle will stimulate the natural modes of the human body at about 5.25 Hz in vertical direction and 2.13 Hz in lateral direction,thus increasing the vibration energy of the human body in this frequency domain.Therefore,if the vibration acceleration of the vehicle floor is used to replace the human response to evaluate the vibration comfort of high-speed EMUs,there will be a certain deviation from the actual

关 键 词：高速动车组-座椅-人体耦合动力学模型 人体生物力学特性 耦合振动特性 轻量化车体 坐姿人体 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]