典型钢轨波磨病害下高速轮轨瞬态滚动接触及磨损行为分析  

Analysis of transient rolling contact and wear behavior for high-speed wheel-rail under typical rail corrugation diseases

作　　者：丁旺才[1,2] 马帅 靳忠渊 李得洋 吴少培[1] 李国芳 DING Wangcai;MA Shuai;JIN Zhongyuan;LI Deyang;WU Shaopei;LI Guofang(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Traffic Engineering Institute,Xi’an 710300,China;Taiyuan Rolling Stock Depot,China Railway Taiyuan Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,兰州730070 [2]西安交通工程学院机械与电气工程学院,西安710300 [3]中国铁路太原局集团有限公司太原车辆段,太原030000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第5期67-79,共13页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12162020,12262017);甘肃省科技计划项目联合科研基金(24JRRA854);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(24ZYQA044);兰州交通大学重点研发项目(ZDYF2302)。

摘　　要：以典型钢轨波磨病害为研究对象,构建了考虑轨下结构及轮轨弹塑性接触的三维轮轨瞬态滚动接触有限元模型,采用基于有限元模型的三维磨损分布计算方法,研究了匀速和牵引状态下轮轨接触特性及钢轨磨损行为的差异,以及牵引状态下不同病害参数钢轨波磨对轮轨接触特性及磨损的影响规律。结果表明,牵引状态下轮轨纵向力受固有刚度不平顺影响更显著,波磨对相对滑移的影响与纵向力有关,且需在固有刚度不平顺影响基础上叠加,叠加效果与波磨波长和谷深有关。在波磨谷深限值内,当波磨波长较短或谷深较大时,纵向力会出现与波磨几何相似的振型,导致相对滑移分布与波磨几何相关,接触压力变化进一步影响磨损深度,使波峰附近磨损增加,波谷附近磨损减少,波磨进一步发展。由于磨损增量相位与波磨几何相位差较小,钢轨波磨有减缓趋势,波磨在较大波长及谷深下减缓较快。研究结论以期为高速轮轨波磨区段钢轨维护策略提供理论参考。Here,taking a typical rail corrugation disease as the study object,a 3D transient rolling contact finite element model considering under-rail structure and wheel-rail elastoplastic contact was constructed.A 3D wear distribution calculation method based on the finite element model was used to study differences between wheel-rail contact characteristics and rail wear behavior under uniform speed state and those under traction state as well as effects of different disease parameters of rail corrugation on wheel-rail contact characteristics and wear under traction states.The results showed that longitudinal force of wheel-rail under traction state is more significantly affected by inherent stiffness unevenness,and effects of corrugation on relative slip are related to longitudinal force,and need to be superimposed on effects of inherent stiffness unevenness,the superposition effect is related to corrugation wavelength and wave valley depth;within limit values of corrugation wave valley depth,when corrugation wavelength is shorter or wave valley depth is larger,longitudinal force can have a vibration mode shape similar to corrugation geometry to make relative slip distribution be related to corrugation geometry;change in contact pressure further affects wear depth to cause increase in wear near wave peak,decrease in wear near wave valley and corrugation further developing;due to smaller phase difference between wear increment and corrugation geometry,rail corrugation tends to slow down,and corrugation slows down faster under larger wavelength and wave valley depth;the study conclusions aim to provide a theoretical reference for rail maintenance strategies in high-speed wheel-rail corrugation zones.

关 键 词：高速铁路 钢轨波磨 瞬态动力学 有限元分析 磨损分析 轮轨接触特性 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]