高性能渗碳齿轮表面完整性特征的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Surface Integrity Characteristics of High-performance Carburized Gears

作　　者：王庆志 陈易明 吴吉展 张秀华 刘怀举[1] WANG Qingzhi;CHEN Yiming;WU Jizhan;ZHANG Xiuhua;LIU Huaiju(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Taihang Laboratory,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学高端装备机械传动全国重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]太行实验室,成都610000

出　　处：《表面技术》2025年第5期233-244,共12页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52322504);四川省自然科学基金(24NSFSC7353)。

摘　　要：目的针对材料牌号、加工工艺、几何结构与渗碳齿轮表面完整性关联规律不明的问题,探究不同材料、工艺、结构对表面完整性的影响。方法对18CrNiMo7-6、9310、20Cr2Ni4A、20CrMnTi几种常用渗碳齿轮的渗碳磨削、喷丸强化、二次喷丸、滚磨光整、喷丸光整等工艺状态进行表面粗糙度、残余应力、硬度梯度等表面完整性表征,讨论材料、工艺、结构对表面完整性特征的影响规律。结果在渗碳磨削、喷丸强化工艺状态下,几种常用渗碳钢的表面残余压应力、表面硬度等参数基本一致。经喷丸强化、二次喷丸、滚磨光整处理后,最大残余压应力幅值范围为1100~1400 MPa,表面硬度为660HV~720HV。通过滚磨光整改善表面微观形貌的效果最显著,能够使表面粗糙度S_(a)降至0.25μm以下。通过二次喷丸提升次表面最大残余压应力的效果明显,能够使齿轮次表面最大残余压应力提升至1200MPa。滚子和齿轮2种几何结构的试件在渗碳磨削、喷丸强化、喷丸光整等工艺状态下,其表面完整性参数基本一致。结论揭示了不同材料牌号、加工工艺、几何结构对渗碳齿轮表面完整性的影响规律,可为齿轮加工工艺优化和高表面完整性创成提供理论支撑和数据参考。Surface integrity is a crucial factor affecting the machining quality and operational performance of gears.It is also a prerequisite for achieving fatigue resistance of gears.However,the current research on the surface integrity of carburized gears involves few types of materials and process states,lacking a comprehensive exploration of the relationship between different materials,process states,structures,and gear surface integrity.This has affected the quality of gear manufacturing and anti-fatigue design.In response to the unclear correlation between different materials,surface treatments,structures,and surface integrity of carburized gears,the work aims to characterize the surface roughness,residual stress and hardness gradient of 18CrNiMo7-6,9310,20Cr2Ni4A,and 20CrMnTi gears under various process conditions,such as carburizing and grinding,shot peening,dual shot peening,and barrel finishing after shot peening.The impact of materials,structures,and processes states on surface integrity characteristics was investigated.It was found that the surface residual stress and surface hardness parameters of carburized steel were relatively consistent under the conditions of carburized grinding and shot peening.However,there was a significant difference in surface roughness Sa,with a maximum difference of 0.6μm.Additionally,shot peening process showed a similar degree of alteration in the surface integrity of gear steels with different materials.After carburizing and grinding treatment,the surface residual compressive stress amplitude of gears ranged from 500 to 600 MPa,with a surface hardness of 640HV to 690HV.After shot peening treatment,the maximum residual compressive stress amplitude ranged from 1100 to 1300 MPa.For the surface integrity under different process states,the maximum residual compressive stress amplitude ranged from 1100 to 1400 MPa,and the surface hardness ranged from 660HV to 720HV under shot peening,dual shot peening,and barrel finishing treatment.Barrel finishing significantly improved the surface

关 键 词：渗碳齿轮 表面完整性 残余应力 表面粗糙度 硬度梯度 

分 类 号：TH142.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]